CAEDTJTTS. 207 



5. C.erioph'orus (L.) ; I. half -claspinc/ not decurrent -white a,ni 

 cottony beneatli deeply pinnatifid, lobes bifid the segments lan- 

 ceolate entire alternately pointing upwards and downwards and 

 each terminated by a strong spine, involucres globose shaggy,* 

 phyll. lanceolate with a long spinous-tipped reflexed point. — 

 JE. S. 386. — St. 3 — 4 feet high, much branched, furrowed, hairy. 

 Root-1. 1 — 2 feet long, linear with long divergent lobes which 

 form double rows in a very regular manner. Stem-1. similar 

 but smaller. Heads very large ; inv. covered with a dense 

 white web. A remarkably conspicuous plant. — Waste ground 

 on a limestone soil. B. Vlll. Woolly-headed Thistle, E. 



tt Leaves not spinous-hairy above. 

 a. Limb of the cor. 6-parted to its base. Bebba Less. 



6. C. arven'sis (Curt.) ; heads subdicecious, I. suhsessik oblong- 

 lanceolate pinnatifid spinous wavy, inv. ovoid subglabrous, phyll. 

 broadly lanceolate adpressed terminating in a short spreading 

 spine, rhizome creeping. — E. B. 975. — St. erect, 3 — 4 feet high, 

 leafy, angular, corymbose above. L. very spinous, sessile or 

 very slightly decurrent, varying greatly in width. — 1/3. setosus ;, 

 1.. lanceolate flat entire or slightly lobed. Cir. setosum M. B.^ 

 Fields and roads. ^. Oulross and Kirkwall, S. P. VII. ^. IX. 

 Creeping Thistle. E. S. I. 



b. Limb of the cor. Smarted to its middle. 



7. C. palus'tris (L.) ; I. decurrent lanceolate deeply pinnatifid 

 spinous, inv. ovoid crowded, phyll. ovate-lanceolate adpressed 

 mucronate. — E. B. 974. — St. solitary, erect, 3 — 5 feet high, 

 wand-like, with wavy spinous wings throughout, slightly 

 branched. Heads in a terminal cluster, small. Fl. purple or 

 white. Underside of the 1. usually cottony. Inv. with a slight 

 web.— Wet meadows. A. VH. VIIL E. S.L 



8. C. praten'sis (Huds.) ; I. mostly radical lanceolate wavy or 

 lobed pilose above cottony beneath fringed with minute prickles, 

 atem-l. not decui-rent few clasping, inv. globose solitary terminal 

 slightly cottony, phyll. lanceolate-attenuate adpressed mucro- 

 nate, rhizome creeping. — E. B. \77. Cir. angliaim Lam. — St. 

 1 — 2 feet high, cottony, usually quite simple and single-headed, 

 leafless in the upper half with a few scaly bracts, springing 

 singly from the rhizome. L. broad, soft, sinuate-dentate, rarely 

 with small 2 — 3-fid lobes, not pinnatifid, fringed with small but 

 unequal prickles, lower 1. stalked. Occasionally there are 2 or 3 

 fl. on a stem. — C. Forsteri (Sm.) is probably a hybrid between 

 this and C. palustris. It has 1. slightly decurrent lanceolate all 

 pinnatifid spinous cottony beneath, st. panicled, inv. ovoid 

 slightly cottony, root csespitose producing several stems. 8y. 



E. B. 695.— Boggy meadows. P. VI. VIII. E. I. 



