208 45. COMPOSITE. 



9. C. tuhtr6sus (L.) ; 1. lanceolate deeply pinnatifid pilose 

 atove haiiy or slightly cottony beneath fringed with minute 

 prickles, stem-l. sessile not deourrent, lobes 2 — 3-fid, inv. ovoid 

 terminal 1 — 3 together slightly cottony, phyll. lanceolate muci-o- 

 nate adpressed, root of elliptic tapering fleshy fibres. — E. B. 2562. 

 Cir. bulbosum DO., Koch. — Not stoloniferous. St. 2 feet high, 

 erect, round, hairy, leafless above the middle with a few minute 

 bracts. Lower 1. stalked, stem-l. nearly or quite sessile. May 

 be a hybrid between Sp. 2 and 10. — C. Woodwardsii (Wats,) 

 much resembles this, and may be a hybrid between C. acaulis 

 and C. pratensis. Sy. E. B. 696. — Greatridge Wood near Boyton, 

 and at Avebury, Wilts. P. VIII. IX. E. 



10. C. acaulis (L.) ; I. glabrous radical lanceolate pinnatifid, 

 lobes subtrifid spinous, inv. ovoid glabrous nearly sessile mostly 

 solitary, outer jphyU. ovate inner ones gradually longer adpressed, 

 root with filiform fibres.— E. B. 161. 8t. 24. 16.— St. usually 

 almost wanting ; sometimes 3 — 12 in. long, leafy, woolly. L. 

 all stalked, glabrous except a few hairs on the ribs beneath. 

 Heads very large, fl. crimson. — /3. C. dubius (Willd.) ; st. much 

 branched wooUy a foot or more in height. Willi. Fl. Berol. 

 f, 11. Perhaps a hybrid between this and C. arvensis. — Dry cal- 

 careous pastures. ^. SaiFron Walden, Essex. Mr. G. S. Oibson. 

 P. VII.— IX. Ground-Thistle. E. 



11. C. heterophyVlus (L.) ; I. clasping not decurrent glabrous 

 above white and downy beneath lanceolate serrate fringed with 

 minute prickles, root-1. with long stalks clasping at the base, 

 heads ovoid truncate below slightly downy, phyll. ovate or 

 lanceolate acuminate adpressed. — E. B. 675. — Creeping. St. 

 3 — 4 feet high, furrowed, cottony, slightly branched above. 

 Heads large and handsome. L. very large, undivided or laoi- 

 niate. — C. Carolorum (Jenn. in Edin. Bot. Tr. ix. 267) seems to 

 be a hybrid of O. lieterophyllus and C. palustris. — Moist moun- 

 tain-pastures. P. VII. Vlil. E. S. 



Section 5. SILYBEJE. Filaments m.onadelphous. Pappus 

 in many rows. 



32. Sil'ibum Qaert. Milk-Thistle. 



X\. 8.maridnum(pa,6Tt.). — Carduus&m.. E.B.976. — St.3 — 

 4 feet high, ribbed and nirrowed. L. very large, oblong-lan- 

 ceolate, wavy, clasping ; radical 1. pinnatifid, usually variegated 

 with green and milk-white. Heads large, globose. Phyll. 

 closely adpressed below, leaflike, with a long terminal recurved 

 spine. ¥1. purple; tube very long. — Waste places. B. VI. 

 vn. E. S. I. 



