VAEIATIOXS JX COWS MILK 41 



a. (Usfniiii has a very different effect on the milk 

 secretion of individual cows. Kiihn found no effect, but 

 von Kleuze found such a great albumin content that the 

 milk could not be boiled, and Schaffer established a 

 remarka])]\- high fat content. On the other hand, Fleisch- 

 inann found on]\- 0.714 per cent, fat in the evening milk 

 of a cow that liad come in heat in the course of the day, 

 thougli the morning milk contained 3.."j(i per cent. fat. 

 On the wliole, it may be said that normal d'strum often 

 induces a passing distui-haiice of tlie normal secretory 

 activity of the udder. 



b. Xi/niphouuntui, which has no slight influence on 

 the natui-e of tlic meat, and reduces the an'lk secretion 

 consid('ra])ly, i)robably influences the natuic of the milk 

 also. Only a single analysis of such milk is gi\-en by 

 Schaffer; the (|uantity of fat and lactose had not 

 changed, Imt the (juantity of i)rotein was remarkably 

 high, namely, 5.72 jier cent. 



c. Oniriofoiiiii. As is known, if is frc(juently claimed 

 that sjiaying performed on healthy cows during the first 

 months of the lactation ])eriod causes a considerable 

 lengthening of this period, an increased daily secretion, 

 and gi'eatei- fat content of the milk. Howe\er, it can 

 hardly he said tliat this is sufficiently established; and 

 especially, it is not to be considert'd as proven that 

 ovariotomy is able to raise tlie fat content; in fact it is 

 most improbable. (Ovariotomy performed on nympho- 

 maniac cows causes, among other things, the possibly 

 abnormal milk secretion to return again to normal. 



d. Abortiiin. The experiments that were conducted 

 by Schaft'er and Hess have shown that abortion, which 

 has such great influence on the ((uantity of milk, has no 

 influence on its comi)osition. The same statement ap- 

 jilies to the retention of the afterbirth, in so far as this 

 causes no general illness. 



