78 PLEASURABLE BEE-KEEPING. 



Foundation, as supplied by dealers, is usually made 

 about six sheets to the pound, though for wiring 

 sometimes nine are used. Thin or super foundation 

 is rolled out until one pound of wax will give sufficient 

 surface to be cut into from 100 to 110 squares, 

 each fitting into the 1-lb. sections, and 4J inches 

 square. 



Fixhig foundation securely in frames was first 

 accomplished by simply attaching the top sheet to 

 the underside of the top bar with melted wax. This 

 slow and insecure method gave place to a saw-cut 

 run along and through the top bar nearly from end 

 to end, as advised by Mr. Cowan, and this plan 

 was quickly and generally adopted. Various methods 

 have of late years been devised for holding the 

 foundation securely in the top bar, while doing away 

 with the opening above the foundation, in which the 

 wax grub is frequently found ; but no method, save 

 wiring, is as reliable as that by fixing in the saw-cut. 



To fix the foundation proceed as .follows ; — Place 

 the sheet on a board, cut off the corners, and take 

 a small triangular piece out of the middle of the top. 

 Then press with the flat part of a knife about two 

 inches of the top of the sheet near the ends. Next 

 take a small screw-driver, not more than J inch in 

 width, fix it in the centre of the top bar, and turn it 

 at right angles to the saw-cut, or about a quarter 

 round. It will then remain holding the sides of the 

 bar apart, and the sheet of foundation as prepared 

 may, with ease, be lifted up into the saw-cut. As 

 soon as the top of the sheet of foundation is level 

 with the top of the bar, withdraw the screw-driver. 



