Birds of Indiana. 551 



g^. Tarsus not greatly elongate; tibia mostly entirely feathered. Not 

 Waders. 



l^. Bill strongly hooked, with distinct cere at base. 

 m'. Toes three in front, one behind. The outer toe 

 sometimes reversible. EAPTOEES. J 



m=. Toes two in front, two behind. PSITTACI. K 



P. Bill not both strongly hooked and cered. 



m^. Hind toe short, decidedly elevated ; "toes slightly 

 connected at base by web ; " no soft membrane 

 about nostrils. GALLINJi). H 



,n'. Hind toe little, if at ail, above the level of the 

 rest (rarely absent). 

 0^. Nostrils opening beneath a soft, swollen cere; 

 hind claw short. COLUMB^. I 



o'. Nostrils not opening beneath a soft, swollen cere. 

 p'. Wings very long, with ten quills; tall of ten 

 feathers; gape very wide and deeply cleft, 

 or else the bill long and slender ; (tongue ex- 

 tensile); secondaries only six in number. 



MACROCHIEES. N 



p'. Wing not very long; gape not very wide nor 



deeply cleft ; or else wing with only nine 



quills and tail with twelve feathers. 



</*. Toes only two in front; or, if three, the 



• middle and outer toes connected for at least 



half their length, 

 r'. Tail feathers stiff and pointed; bill more 

 or less chisel-like. PICI. M 



r'. Tail feathers neither stiff nor pointed; 

 bill not chisel-like. COCCYGES. L 



</^ Toes three in front, one behind, the middle 

 and outer toes not united for half their 

 length ; lower part of thighs feathered and 

 the tarsus equal to or longer than the lat- 

 eral toes. PASSERES. O 



FAMILIES. 

 A. Ordee PYGOPODES. 



DIVING BIRDS. 



a^. Peet lobate. Podicipid.e. — Gkebes. I 



■a*. Feet webbed. 



41. With four toes. Urinatoeid^.— Loons. II 



b^. With three toes. Alcid^e. — Auks, Etc. Ill 



