BiEDS OF Indiana. 631 



20. Genus GLAUCIONETTA Stejkegkk. 

 a^. Wing with uninterrupted white patch; head puffy, it and throat glossy green 

 in male ; head and upper neck grayish brown, head scarcely puffy in female. 



G. clangula americana (Bonap.). 44 



a^. Wing with white patch crossed with blackish band; head somewhat crested ; 



it and neck steel blue in male; in female, head not crested, it and upper neck 



snuff' brown. Gr- islandica (Gmel.). 45 



44. (151)- Glaucionetta clangula americana (Bonap.). 



American Golden-eye. 

 Synonyms, Whistler, Whistle-wing. 



Adult Male. — ^With the head and upper neck glossy green and a 

 white oval or rounded loral spot, not touching the base of the bill 

 throughout; lower neck all round, lower parts, including sides, most of 

 the scapulars, wing coverts and secondaries, white; the white of outer 

 surface of wings continuous; lining of wings and axiUars dark; most of 

 upper parts black; no waving on the back or sides; bill black, with 

 pale or yellow end, nostrils in anterior half; feet orange; webs 

 dusky; eyes yellow; head uniformly pufEy. Female. — ^With head snuff 

 brown, no white patch in front of eye and white of wings not always 

 continuous. 



Length, about 18.00; wing, 8.00-9.00 (8.53); bill from tip to extrem- 

 ity of frontal angle, 1.65-1.80 (1.73); depth of bill at base, .95-1.05 

 (.99); width, .70-.75 (.74); width of nail, .18-.30; tarsus, 1.30-1.55 

 (1.43). Female smaller. 



Eange. — North America, breeding from Maine and British Prov- 

 inces northward. In winter from Great Lakes southward to Cuba and 

 Mexico. 



Nest, in hollow tree, of grass, leaves, moss, etc., lined with down. 

 Eggs, 6-10; ashy-green; 3.40 by 1.75. 



Common migrant and winter resident. On southern Lake Michi- 

 gan this is the common winter duck, staying all winter. On Lake Erie 

 it is also found at that season. They may be observed throughout the 

 State in winter wherever there is open water. 



They begin to go north ivith the first thaws, and those from the 

 South continue passing until near the middle of April, in which month 

 they are sometimes very common. The latest date for the State is April 

 17 (1885), when I found it at BrookviUe. Severe winters they are 

 fewer in numbers and less generally distributed. Over much of the 

 more level part of the State, when the quiet waters axe frozen, they 

 are not found. Mr. Deane informs me they remained on the Kankakee 

 Eiver all winter, 1890. 



