870 Kepoht oe' State GtBologist. 



In Monroe County, Prof. Everraann found it an uncommon summer 

 resident, and in Carroll County he took it June 10, 1885. They 

 are usually later than the last species in arriving. 



The following dates show time of its first arriyal: Brookville, May 

 9, 1887, May 19, 1882; Davis Station, May 31; Laporte, May 30, 1896; 

 Lafayette, April 38, 1897; Plymouth, Mich., May 11, 1883, May 20, 

 1895. Messrs. L. A. and C. D. Test found a nest, containing three 

 eggs, just north of Purdue University grounds, Lafayette, Ind., July 

 4, 1892. The nest was about 12 feet from the ground and about 

 6 feet above it was another deserted nest. 



Traill's Flycatcher is the opposite of the Acadian ia several respects. 

 It does not prefer the woods, but rather thickets, especially of alders, 

 in low, damp ground, the borders of streams and lakes. It also is 

 found in orchards. Its nests are usually placed in the crotch of a 

 bush 25 feet or less above the ground, and, instead of being loosely- 

 woven affairs like the nests of the last species, are thicker and better 

 made, reminding one of the nest of the Yellow Warbler, but not so 

 compact. In Wayne County, Mich., where it nests commonly, Mr. Je- 

 rome Trombley, who has found twenty-five or thirty nests for several 

 consecutive years, saystheynestincommunities in willows by marshes; 

 nest in fork of a bush from three to six feet high (Cook, Birds of 

 Mich., p. 97). Mr. Otto Widmann says its notes sound like, wit-tit-che, 

 wit-ti-go, and are uttered when the bird is perched on the top of a 

 sprout or low tree, a telegraph post, or a fence stake. 



Full sets of eggs are found after the middle of June. An 

 egg is deposited each day; one brood is raised in a year. Incubation 

 lasts about twelve days. They return to their winter home in A"ugust 

 and early September. The following dates indicate the range of 

 this migration: Brookville, August 13, 1881; Plymouth, Mich., Au- 

 gust 8, 1892, September 3, 1895. It is impossible to tell at this time 

 to what extent the eastern and western forms of this Flycatcher are 

 found in Indiana. 



180. (466a). Empidonax traillii alnorum (Brewst.). 



Alder Flycatcher. 



Differing from E. traillii {i. e., E. pusillus of Baird and subsequent 

 authors) in having the coloring of the upper parts richer and more 

 olivaceous, the wing bands yellower, and hence more conspicuous, the 

 bill decidedly smaller and the legs rather shorter (The Auk, April, 

 1895, p. 161, Brewster). Bill, .60-.64; tarsus, .64-.67. 



