BiBDS OF Indiana. 1105 



ciated together, they are generally found in flocks of from twenty to 

 a hundred birds, frequenting meadows, open pastilres, fields, prairies 

 and the shores of lakes. They are abundant migrajits, and in the 

 southern part of the State may occasionally be winter residents. They 

 have been reported from southern Illinois in winter. In southern 

 Indiana they appear in force some years as early as March 3. Al- 

 though they moye about a great deal, they make slow progress north- 

 ward. They were first noted at Brookyille, March 3, 1893, and April 

 19, 1889; at Speaxsville, March 6, 1894; Wabash, March 16, 1894; 

 Lafayette, April 1, 1893; Eichmond, April 33, 1897; Kouts, April 

 15, 1894; Plymouth, Mich., April 34, 1896, May 3, 1893; Chicago, 111., 

 April 35, 1896. The latest spring records are Eichmond, May 4, 

 1897; Speaisville, May 10, 1894; Wabash, May 15, 1894; Plymouth, 

 ■\Iich., May 34, 1893. Sometimes before they leave in the spring they 

 begin mating. 



Late in September they become common about the lower end of 

 Lake Michigan, remaining until well into October ajid sometimes into 

 November. They were present in Cook County, 111., from September 

 26 to October 3, 1896; from September 38 to October 19, 1895. The 

 latest records I have are as follows: Liverpool, Ind., October 18, 

 1895; Chicago, 111., ISTovember 3, 1894; Plymouth, Mich., October 30, 

 ]893. At English Lake, Ind., l^ovember 16, 1893, hundreds of Tit- 

 larks were seen rushing along in flocks of twenty to a hundred, over 

 the marshes (Deane). 



XLVIII. Family TROGLODYTIDiE. Wrens, Thrashers, Etc. 



a' . Rictal bristles well developed; wing 3.50 or more. 

 b^ . Tail longer than wing. 



c*. Bill not shorter than middle toe without claw; our species brown above. 



Haeporhynchus. 167 

 c^. Bill decidedly shorter than middle toe without claw, 

 d^. Tail partly white. MiMUS. 165 



d'. Tail with no white. Galeoscoptes. 166 



a'. Rictal bristles not evident; bill not notched ; wing less than 3.50. 



e'. Back streaked lengthwise; outer tail feathers reaching little beyond 

 the tips of lower, tail coverts. Cistothortjs. 170 



e'. Back not streaked lengthwise ; outer tail feathers reaching decidedly 

 beyond the tips of longest lower tail coverts. 

 f^. Lower mandible curved downward; back without crossbars; super- 

 ciliary streak distinct. " ThbyothOeus. 168 

 f 2 . Lower tdandible straight ; back with more or less distinct cross- 

 bars; no distinct superciliary streak. Troglodytes. 169 



70-Geol. 



