ties to a greater extent than any other wood 
known. It will be described in more detail later. 
Myall, a native Austrian wood of a very dark 
color, hard and of good grain has many excel- 
lent qualities for pipes, but is brittle. 
Maple, junipe and cherry. and several other 
woods are used to a limited extent. 
MEERScHAUM 
Meerschaum is a light, porous, clayey sub- 
stance composed of magnesium, oxygen and 
silicon. It is chemically described as a hydrated 
silicate of magnesia and its chemical formula is 
Mg Si, 04 + 2H,0. 
The work meerschawm is composed of two 
German words, i. e., Meer, the sea; and Schaum, 
foam, and literally means “the foam of the 
sea.” A popular belief being that the substance 
was petrified sea foam. 
The circumstances under which meerschaum 
came to be used for smoking pipes have already 
been detailed. Meerschaum occurs as a mineral 
more or less scattered all over the world, but 
the largest quantities and probably the best 
qualities occur in Asia Minor. In the United 
States, the mineral is found in South Carolina. 
Other mines occur in Spain, Greece and Moroc- 
co. The principal mines in Asia Minor are 
situated about 250 miles southwest of Constan- 
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