point need not be argued; all smokers will 
agree with it. 
Judged from a psychological standpoint the 
effects of tobacco are entirely favorable. To 
the sleepless, the worried, to him who is troubled 
in mind or vexed in spirit, the pipe or cigar is 
a never-failing remedy to soothe and cheer. It 
is the feeling of betterment which it engenders 
and the spirit of good will which tobacco creates 
that are responsible for its universal use by men 
differing widely in grade and condition of life 
as well as in mental caliber; it reaches the com- 
mon springs which move humanity; its qualities 
are those which have made the pipe a symbol of 
peace and a bond of fellowship and union be- 
tween man and man from Pole to Pole. 
From a general summing up of the opinions 
which have been quoted. thé question might 
finally be asked, “Is tobacco on the whole harm- 
ful or beneficial to its users?” The answer 
seems to be this: “Tobacco to the extent used 
on the average has some slight injurious ef- 
fects and some slight beneficial effects on the 
physical system. It is an excellent preservative 
agent against contagious and infectious disease, 
Mentally its effects are overwhelmingly bene- 
ficial.” In every particular case a man must 
judge for himself, taking account of his indi- 
204 
