50 Peovincial Boaed of Hoeticultube. 1897 



In spring, just before the leaf buds open, spray thoroughly with the diluted Bordeaux 



mixture, or before the buds swell with the simple solution of sulphate of copper. Repeat the 



application of Bordeaux just before the blossoms open, and again just after 



Treatment. the blossoms fall (these two applications are most important); if necessary, 



repeat again in ten days' time, but do not use the Bordeaux mixture late in 



the season, or it may roughen the skin of the fruit. If late spraying is required, use the 



carbonate of copper mixture. {See "Spraying Mixtures.") 



Pear scab (Fusidadium pyrinum) is also generally reported from all coast districts. 

 This disease is very similar to apple scab, believed by many botanists to be the same species. 

 At any rate, the chief points in its life history and remedial treatment 

 Hear scab. j^^g ^j^g ^^^^^ g^g ^^^ ^.j^g i.^ppie scab." 



Pear-leaf blight (Entomosporiuln maculalum) is reported generally from districts in the 

 Lower Province, and from Kelowna and Salmon Arm in the Interior. This is probably the 



Pear-leaf ™*'^* generally destructive fungus disease to which the pear is subjected. 

 Blight ^* appears early in the spring, soon after the leaves develop, first as minute, 



dull reddish spots on the upper surface of the leaf. A little later the spots 

 appear on the lower surface of the leaf, which becomes darker in colour; as the fungus 

 develops the spots enlarge, until nearly the entire leaf is affected and becomes sere and brown. 

 Very young leaves sometimes curl up when attacked; the stems and fruit are also attacked, 

 the pears crackmg open and becoming worthless. 



The effect upon the tree is very injurious; it is unable to store up the materials of growth 

 properly, and becomes weak and impoverished. Hundreds of pear trees in the Coast districts 

 which used to produce fine fruit, of late years have been valueless from the effects of this 

 disease. ^ 



Where Bordeaux mixture has been used according to the directions given, infested trees 

 have recovered, and are again producing healthy foliage and clear fruit. But it must be 

 remembered that many trees are so badly injured by this and other fungus diseases that two 

 seasons are required before trees will become productive again, owing to the loss of fruit spurs 

 and buds, which have to be reproduced. =■ & v 



Bordeaux mixture, used as for apple and pear scab, is the best preventive, 

 Remedies. and the carbonate of copper solution, No. 10, for late spraying on trees 

 bearing fruit. . r j o 



- Dead Spot is reported from all districts of the Lower Provinces, as prevailing to a greater 



or less extent, in many instances killing young trees. There is still great diversity of opinion 



Dead Spot-' ^V^^'^'"'^ *° ^f^'f, ^^f^^% Of condition of the apple tree. Prof. L. B. Pierce, 



Apple bark 7^° J^^s special y detailed by the United States Department of Agriculture 



disease. ^o^ ""e purpose, has been making a careful, systematic investigation regarding 



„„,• , *^^ ^'^^^^f ^' 1* °°'="'"s in Oregon and Washington, and although the invests 



of thl' WI? ^^A^" ' 1 "^'"'^'^ ^y ^ deep-seated fungus that finds its sustenance in the inner tissues 



tti The mfcehuLTtT: T ''' ^"^^''"V"^- *^ ''^^'''' '' ''P^^ ^™*i- and repr Juc- 

 tion. ihe "y'el^^^ of the fungus spreads in various directions through the bark and can 



It, n, .c» ^^Zl^ I A "a^ '^'*^°"' ^""^ *"J'''"y ^"^ *^« tree, stripping off all the dead 



Its Cause. "'iter bark and diseased tissue. After the fungus has attained its growth, 



TKoc VM . 1 P™duces Its spores in small excrescences on the surface of the dead snots 



