COJ^TEJSfTS ix 



CHAPTEE VII 

 THE TREATMENT OF THE SHOOT 



SEC. ' ^ PAGE 



25. Why must the shoots of our cultivated plants be pruned ? , . 134 



26. What is the least injurious form of a cut ? ., . . . . 135 



27. How does summer pruning differ in its effects from winter 



pruning? . • 137 



28. What is the effect of the different methods of pruning ? . .140 



29. How may pruning be used to regulate the natural development 



of the tree 1 . : 



30. When is pruning harmful ? 



31. In what way can the natural pi'ocess of healing be accelerated ? 



32. By what means can we increase the effect of pruning ? 



(a.)' The bending of shoots 

 (6.)- The twisting of shoots 



1 ■ (c.) Notching 1 . 

 (d.) Ringing 

 (e.) Peeling the stems . 

 33. Why do we slit the bark of trees 1 



142 

 146 

 149 

 1-55 

 155 

 157 

 158 

 159 

 161 

 164 



CHAPTEE VIII 

 THE USE OF SHOOTS FOR PROPAGATING 



34. What is meant by layering, and of what use is it ? . . .169 



35. What rules should be followed in striking cuttings? . . .172 



36. What objects have we in view in budding and grafting, and 



how are these operations best performed ? . . . .183 



37. To what extent do scion and stock mutually influence one 



another? I94 



CHAPTEE IX 

 THE TREATMENT OF LEAVES 



38. What is the effect of injuries to the leafy tissues ? . -199 



39. In what cases can the leaf be used for propagation ? . . .201 



CHAPTEE X 

 THE THEORY OF WATERING 



40. Why must we pay special attention to the watering of plants ? 205 



