224 POULTR?Y-CRAFT. 
in the coldest parts of this country, they will be contentedly comfortable in a 
fairly tight, but unlined building. A shed or house for turkeys should be 
somewhat higher than for chickens. The roost should be placed further from 
the ground. The droppings should not be allowed to accumulate beneath 
the roosts. 
331. Yards for Turkeys.— As may be inferred from what has been said 
of the conditions of profitable turkey growing, turkeys are rarely yarded. 
Some breeders yard the breeding stock during the breeding season; some 
confine the laying hens until after the eggs have been laid each day, thus 
preventing them from laying in hidden or distant nests. This latter method 
recommends itself to those so situated that the breeding stock can have liberty. 
It is absurd that so many turkey keepers should spend hour after hour and 
trudge many rough miles in locating the nests of hen turkeys at liberty to nest 
where they please. The enclosure for laying turkeys shut up only a part of 
each day, need not be large. A yard fifty by one hundred feet will do for a 
flock of a dozen to twenty hens. <A five-foot fence of woven wire or wire 
netting will keep the hens in bounds. Indeed, heavy hens will hesitate long 
before attempting a four-foot picket fence, and often refuse to try it. 
332. Keeping Turkeys in Confinement. — While for business turkey 
keeping fairly large range must be considered a necessity, a person who wishes 
to keep and rear a very few turkeys for pleasure, may do so on quite a small 
piece of ground — on a village lot of, say, an acre. The semi-confinement is 
not necessarily injurious. The task of keeping them within bounds will be 
easy, or difficult, according to the individual dispositions of the fowls and the 
relative force of attractions inside and outside of the home grounds. Keeping 
them healthy is principally a matter of keeping their quarters clean, and using 
good judgment in feeding. Old birds are much easier to handle than young 
ones. If there is nothing special to induce the old ones to leave home, they 
remain there apparently well contented. The young ones, unless prevented, 
will wander off as soon as they are able. They can, however, be kept 
yarded, fed about as chickens are, and make good growth, develop into really 
fine specimens. 
Handling turkeys under such conditions furnishes amusement until the 
novelty wears off. To one interested in such matters, the experiment is 
interesting as showing how far and in how short a time, the habits of the 
fowls can be modified. But not many who may try this kind of turkey keep- 
ing will continue it beyond a second season, for it would hardly be possible 
to undertake anything in the poultry keeping line that would give as meager 
results for the expense and trouble incurred. 
333. Kinds of Turkeys.— The Standard recognizes six varieties of 
turkeys, classifying them as sub-divisions of one breed. The so-called 
