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The disease is apparent early in the season in the web-like covering which coats the 

 leaves, shoots and fruit. This is the mycelium from which is given off the spores 

 which propagate this disease. It is usually noticed first in the lower and most shaded 

 parts of the bush. When the spores are being given off, the mildew has a powdery 

 appearance. Winter spores nre formed later, which germinate in the spring. As the 

 mycelium and spores are bjfh on the surface it might be thought this disease could 

 be easily controlled, but the weather conditions in this country seem so favourable to 

 the development of spores that the gooseberry mildew spreads with great rapidity, 

 and constant and thorough sprayings are necessary to prevent it from doing so. 

 American varieties are seldom affected by gooseberry mildew, although occasionally 

 they are slightly attacked. 



Remedy. — First application. — Copper sulphate or lime-sulphur wash, just before 

 leaves open. 



Second application. — Poisoned Bordeaux or potassium sulphide (1 oz. to 2 gallons 

 water), or lime-sulphur wash, just before flower buds open. 



Third application. — Bordeaux with hellebore, lime-sulphur wash or potassium 

 sulphide, when fruit has set. (Important.) 



Fourth application. — Lime-sulphur wash, or potassium sulphide, ten days later, 

 if necessary. 



Leaf Spot Bust. — The disease which causes the spotting of the leaves and their 

 premature falling is the same as that which affects currants, and may be dealt with 

 in the same way. 



Currant Worm. — See under currant. 



Gooseherry Fruit-worm. — Just before gooseberries ripen, clusters of two or three 

 may sometimes be noticed, which are prematurely coloured and which are joined 

 together by the webs spun by the caterpillar of a small moth. These caterpillars are 

 pale greenish-white and sometimes have a reddish tinge. They live inside the berries 

 and, when the contents of one berry are consumed, attack another near at hand, joining 

 it to the first by a silken web. When full grown they fall to the ground and spin 

 parchment-like cocoons just beneath the surface of the ground. The moths, which are 

 pale-grey marked with dark streaks and bands, are rarely observed. They fly in the 

 spring, and there is only one brood in the year. 



Remedy. — The best remedy'for controlling this insect, which fortunately is never 

 very abundant, is to pick by hand the clusters or injured berries. It is claimed 

 that chickens and other poultry are useful in destroying the larva and chrysalids; 

 and it is certain that, while chickens are very smaU, they are useful in a garden in 

 destroying a great number of injurious insects. The old hen, however, should be kept 

 securely cooped up and not allowed to run at large. 



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