40 INSECTS. 



eggs, either because the odour is offensive to her, or because her 

 instincts teach her that the eggs ■will only perish if she places 

 them where they ■will come in contact ■with it. The most efficient 

 method of applying this alkali is ia the form of a ropy soft soap, 

 ■which may be rubbed upon the body of the tree ■with a swab, 

 particularly at the collar, and a handful deposited ia the forks of 

 the tree, where the branehes separate from the main trunk, to be 

 dissolved and washed down by the rains. A solution of potash, 

 at the rate of a pound of potash to two gallons of water, ■will be 

 found to answer the purpose in the absence of soft soap, but ■will 

 need to be oftener applied. 



But if the grub has already got into the tree, the easiest and 

 simplest method is to hunt him out and Mil him. This can be 

 done ■with a stout-bladed knife or a narrow carpenter's gouge. 

 Sometimes the newly-hatched grubs may be found in the month 

 of August, while yet iu the bark, their presence being indicated 

 by small black spots in the bark about the collar of the tree. 

 "Washiag this part of the tree -with strong Ije, or the above 

 solution of potash, will often be effectual in destroying any of the 

 young larv^ that may have escaped detection. At the same time 

 search carefully for the -fine sawdust castings, which indicate a 

 larger grub ■within ; and, if these are seen, find the excavation in 

 the sapwood, and hunt him out. J£ the grub have made his 

 gallery into the heart of the tree, the upper opening may be 

 found, usually from three to sis iaches above the chamber in the 

 sapwood, by sticking a pin into the bark until, by the ready 

 sinking of the pin, the exact spot is kno^wn; then, -with the 

 point of the knife, cut away the bark and pour some of the lye 

 or potash solution down the gallery until, by its soaking through 

 into the chamber below, you know that it has accomplished its 

 work. By rene-wing the search for these sawdust castiags at 

 - intervals through the fall, ■winter and early spring, they may be 

 effectually routed. 



The Bupeestis Apple-tree Borer. Chrysohothris femomta. 

 This beetle is more universally distributed than the two-striped 



