HYMENOMYCETES 135 



in the other primary divisions, we would intimate the analogies 

 of the several genera of the Porphyrosporae. The representa- 

 tives of Amanita and Amanitopsis must be sought in a single 

 volvate genus — that of Chitonia, in which one or two species 

 are annulate, whilst the residue are not. Zepiota has its 

 analogue in Agaricus proper, which includes the old subgenus 

 Psalliota of Fries, and Schubzeria has its correspondent in the 

 ringless Pilosace. As for Armillaria, we shall find an analogue 

 in Stropharia ; and Tricholoma will have its nearest representa- 

 tive, but not a very perfect one, in Hypholoma. Up to the 

 present no purple-spored species with decurrent gills has been 



•■Rid to occupy the place of Clitocybe, which is so largely 

 represented in the Zeucosporae, and Pleurotus has also no 

 analogue. As for the rest, we have Collybia replaced by 

 Psilocybe, Mycena by Psathyra, and Omphalia by Deconica. 

 But the same process cannot be applied to the veritable black- 

 spored species, unless we include the deliquescent Coprinus, 

 and can, by a little stretch of fancy, find in the pseudo-volvate 

 species some approach to Amanita, in Anellaria a suggestion 

 of Zepiota, in Panaeolus a suggestion of Collybia, and 'in 

 Psathyrella of Mycena. At the best these are little more than 

 fanciful analogies. The combined brown and black- spored 

 species do not exceed a total of 630 species. 



It will be observed that throughout the whole of this long 

 series of about 5200 species we have but one type, with all 

 its modifications, of a pileate Fungus, with a stem, sometimes 

 nearly obsolete, supporting a cap or pileus, bearing on its 



. inferior surface the radiating folds of a hymenium, on which 

 the basidia support four naked spores. All the groups, 

 divisions, subdivisions, genera, and species are dependent upon 

 the variations in this common type. There need, therefore, be 

 no surprise that a cultivated eye and experience are essential for 

 the accurate discrimination of distinctions, often so subtle as to 

 puzzle the young student and bewilder the casual observer, 

 whose knowledge- has never extended beyond a soft fleshy 

 thing with a stem supporting a cap with parallel radiating 

 gills. 



The second group of the Symenomycetes is the Polyporei, in 

 which the hymenium is still inferior, but is no longer repre- 



