gS GEOLOGICAL 5URVEY OF CANADA. 



Common in the valley of the lower Fraser. None of the red- 

 heads, canvas-backs or scaup ducks were ever found breeding by 

 me in the Fraser valley. This species winters on Lake Okanagan, 

 B. C. (Brooks.) 



Breeding Notes. — Rarer than either of the preceding species. 

 On June 19th, 1891, I found a nest containing nine eggs at Long 

 lake, Manitoba. The nest was made of sedges and lined with 

 grasses, feathers and down, a basket-shaped structure, built in 

 the centre of a tussock of rushes. The eggs are olive-gray with a 

 buffy tinge and are very similar to eggs of the scaup duck in size 

 and colour. (Raine.) A rather scarce breeder in Cariboo district, 

 B. C. I was able to take only one set of eggs, evidently a second 

 laying as there was no down. This was on June 27th. The nest 

 was in a tussock of grass in eight inches of water ; it was composed of 

 coarse, green grass and arched over with the drooping blades of the 

 tussock. (Brooks.) 



LV. CLANGULA Leach. 1819. 

 151 . American Golden-eye. Whistler. 



Clangula clangula americana Bonap. i 896. 



An abundant winter resident on the Atlantic coast. 



Often breeding in trees in Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Breeds 

 abundantly at Humber river, Newfoundland. (L. H. Porter.) 

 Migrant in Nova Scotia. (H. F. Tufts.) Seen on the Moose river 

 and James bay in June, 1 896 ; none seen in the interior of Labrador. 

 Common on Missinabi and Moose rivers in June 1903, and plentiful 

 in the autumn. Breeding down both rivers. (Spreadborough.) 

 Specimens taken in Ungava bay and at Fort Churchill, Hudson bay; 

 seen passing north of Lake Mistassini by Mr. J. M. Macoun on May 

 3rd, 1885. In Ontario and Quebec it is a common migrant, but we 

 have no records of it breeding in these provinces. 



This species is tolerably common in Manitoba and in the wooded 

 part of eastern Saskatchewan, where it breeds, and northerly to 

 Norway House, north of Lake Winnipeg, where it was found by Dr. 

 R. Bell. Without any doubt its chief breeding-ground is toward 

 the mouth of the Saskatchewan, and down the Nelson and Churchill 

 rivers. Preble found it to be rather common between Norway 



