126 



ROOTS AND UNDERGROUND STEMS 



4. Which will best withstand drought, a crop of cotton or one of 

 Indian corn? Which will thrive best on high and dry ground ? (173-) 



5. Which will interfere least with the nourishraent of the trees if 

 planted in a peach orchard, cotton or oats? (i73-) 



6. Should a crop of cotton and one of hemp succeed each other on 

 the same land ? 



7. Why does the gardener manure a grass plat by scattering the 

 fertilizer on top of the ground while he digs around the roses and lilacs 

 and deposits it underground ? 



8. Where should the manure be placed to benefit a tree or shmb 

 with wide-spreading, roots ? (175.) 



9. Is it a wise practice to mulch a tree by raking vip the dead leaves 

 and piling them around the base of the tnink, as is so often done? 

 Why, or why not? 



10. Why are willows usually selected in preference to other trees 

 for planting along the borders of streams in order to protect the banks 

 from washing? 



FLESHY ROOTS 



Material. — A turnip, or other fleshy root. 

 Another root of the same kind that has stood in 

 red ink for several hours. 



179. Structure of Fleshy Roots. — Cut 

 away an inch or two from the tip of a 

 young fleshy root 

 of any kind, and 

 let it stand from 

 six to twelve hours 

 in red ink. Then 

 cut into two or 

 three equal trans- 

 verse sections and 

 observe the course 

 of the fluid. 

 Through what por- 

 tion did it rise most 

 readily ? Sketch 

 one of the sections 



and compare it 

 265 266 . , J . 



^64-266. — Shapes of fleshy roots (GRAY) : 264, napi- ■' ° 



form; 265, conical; 266, spindle-shaped. of the WOody tap- 



