VII. BUDS AND BRANCHES 



BRANCHING STEMS 



Material. — Twigs of hickory and buckeye, or other alternate and 

 opposite leaved plants with well-developed terminal buds. A larger 

 bough of each should also be provided, and where practicable, twigs of 

 several different kinds for comparison. Lilac, horse-chestnut, maple, 

 ash, viburnum, are good examples of opposite buds. 



240. Modes of Branching. — Compare the arrangement 

 of the boughs on a pine, cedar, magnolia, etc., with those 

 of the elm, maple, apple, or any of our common deciduous 



trees. Draw a diagram of each showing 



the two modes of growth. The first 



represents the excurrent kind, from the 



Latin excurrere, to 



run out; the second, 



in which the trunk 



seems to divide at 



a certain point and 



flow away and lose 



itself in the 



branches, is called 



deliquescent, from 



the Latin deliqtie- 



scere, to melt or flow 



away. The great 

 majority of stems, as a little observation will show, present 

 a mixture of the two modes. 





321. — Diagram of ex- 

 current growth. 



322. 



-Diagram of deliques- 

 cent growth. 



241. Terminal and Axillary Buds. — Notice the large 

 bud at -the end of a twig of hickory, sweet gum, beech, 

 Cottonwood, etc. This is called the terminal bud because 



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