BUDS 179 



5. Are low-headed or tall trees best for an orchard? 



6. Why is the growth of annuals generally indefinite? 



7. Name some trees of your' neighborhood that are conspicuous for 

 their graceful winter spray. 



8. Name some that are characterized by the sharpness and boldness 

 of their outlines. 



9. Account for the peculiarities in each. 



BUDS 



Material. — Expanding buds of any of the kinds used in Sections 

 240-248 and of tulip tree, magnolia, or other plant with stipular leaf 

 scales. The buds should be in different stages of development, some 

 of them partly expanded. Beech, elm, oak, sycamore, hackberry, fig, 

 will any of them serve as examples of stipular scales, but it is advisable 

 always to use the largest buds obtainable. City schools might get a 

 young India rubber tree from a nursery, or buds of cultivated magnolia 

 firom a florist. Gummy buds like horse-chestnut and Lombardy poplar 

 should be soaked in warm water before dissecting, to soften the gum. 

 Buds with heavy fur on the scales, or on the parts within them, can not 

 very well be studied in section, but the parts must be taken out and 

 examined separately. Where material is scarce, the twigs used in Sec- 

 tions 240-248 can be placed in water and kept until the, buds begin to 

 expand. 



249. Study of an Opposite-Leaved Bud. — Examine a 

 twig of buckeye, horse-chestnut, lilac, or maple, etc., just 

 as the buds are beginning to unfold. Make an enlarged 

 sketch of the terminal one (in the lilac, usually two), 

 showing the relative size and position of 

 the scales. 



250. Arrangement of the Scales. — , , , , l ^ , 

 Notice the manner in which the scales i J l - '^ ■■ 

 overlap, so as to break joints, like 

 shingles on the roof of a house. Leaves 

 or scales that overlap in this way are 329- — Diagram of op- 

 said to be imbricated. Where the P°^i'^ ^ud scales, 

 leaves are opposite, as in the specimen we are examining, 

 the manner of imbrication is very simple. Remove the 

 scales one by one, representing the number and position 

 of the pairs by a diagram after the model given in Figure 

 329. (If the scales are too brittle to be removed without 



