MYCOTIC STOMATITIS IN FOAIvS, CALVES AND 

 BIRDS. THRUSH. MUGUET. 



Oidium (saccharomyces) albicans; a parasite of the young; cultures. 

 Symptoms in foals and calves ; congested buccal mucosa ; curd-like con- 

 cretions ; erosions. Diagnosis from rinderpest. Treatment ; disinfection ; 

 sunshine ; open air ; exercise ; locally antiseptics. 



This is a form of stomatitis manifested by a raised white patch 

 on the mucous membrane and determined by the presence of the 

 oidium albicans (saccharomyces albicans), a cryptogam dis- 

 covered by Berg in 1842 in thrush in children. It is closely al- 

 lied to the mucor, and attacks only the young and feeble. The 

 white crust consists of epithelial cells intermingled with an abun- 

 dance of the white mycelium and oval spores of the fungus. 

 Andry in his artificial cultures found that it was pearly white 

 when grown on gelatine, dirty white on potato, and snow white 

 on carrot. 



Foals and Calves. Symptoms. The buccal mucosa red, 

 congested and tender, shows here and there white curdy looking 

 elevations, or red erosions caused by the detachment of such 

 masses. These bear a strong resemblance to the concretions 

 seen on this mucosa in rinderpest, but are easily recognized by 

 the absence of the attendant fever, and by the discovery, under 

 the microscope, of the specific microphyte. The eruption may 

 extend to the pharynx and oesophagus and interfere fatally with 

 deglutition, but usually it merely renders sucking painful and is 

 not .serious. 



Treatment. It is always well to destroy floating germs by 

 cleansing and whitewashing the stable, and to invigorate the 

 young animals by sunshine, free air and exercise. Locally the 

 most effective agent is the old favorite remedy borax which ar- 

 rests the growth of the parasite whether in artificial cultures, or 

 in the mouth. The powder may be rubbed into the .sores or it 

 may be mixed with honey or molasses and used as an electuary. 

 As substitutes boric acid, salol, thymol, chlorate of potash, or 

 permanganate of potash may be used. 



Birds. The affection has been twice ob,served as occurring in 



