CALCULI IN THE TONSILS. 



Diagnosis and treatment of tonsillar calculi ; spud ; acid dressings. 

 Trauma of soft palate by stick, probang, file, molar. Abscess of palate. 

 Treatment ; laxative ; expectorant ; antiseptic ; lancing. Cleft palate and 

 hare lip. 



Rudimentary a.s these organs are in the equine race they are 

 important enough to have become the seat of hard calculou,s- 

 masses. These have been found by Goubaux and Blanc in old 

 asses, and by the author in old horses. They vary in .size from 

 a pin's-head to a pea and consist of concentric layers of a granu- 

 lar material arranged around a central nucleus, which is usually 

 a foreign body introduced with the food. This nucleus is usually 

 of a vegetable nature, while the enveloping material is made up- 

 largely of the imprisoned and degenerated epithelium of the fol- 

 licle. Both diagnosis and treatment are difficult in such cases. 

 The adventitious ma.sses should be dislodged by the aid of a. 

 smooth, blunt metallic .spud, and the surface thereafter washed 

 or swabbed with an antiseptic and astringent solution. Swab- 

 bing with a solution of hydrochloric acid will tend to dissolve 

 and remove them. 



INJURIES TO THE SOFT PALATE AND FAUCES. 



The region of the fauces is .sometimes injured by sharp pointed 

 bodies swallowed in the food, by the giving of boluses on the end 

 of a pointed stick, or by the careless use of a probang or of a file 

 upon the posterior molars. An overgown last molar will some- 

 times lacerate the velum. In other cases the inflammation of 

 sore throat is especially concentrated on this part, giving rise to- 

 cough, difficulty of swallowing, redness, infiltration and swelling 

 of the parts, and even abscess. In the dog it is often associated 

 with tonsilitis. 



Treatment. A laxative is usually desirable to be followed by 

 .sal-ammoniac or chlorate of potash. In case of actual traumatic 

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