224 Veterinary Medicine. 



The disease' may last eight days before ending in recovery. 

 When death takes place it is about the fourth or sixth day. 



Lesions. The false membranes are found on the ilium and 

 colon, in thin films or in thick masses, or tubular ca.sts. In ex- 

 treme cases the membrane has covered an exten': of 24 feet in 

 length, and if recent it is soft and friable. If older it may be 

 firm, consistent and yellow or stained by the blood or ingesta. 

 As iti solipeds it shows a reticulated network and a fine granular 

 structure, and is composed mainly of inspi.ssated mucus with al- 

 buminoids and fibrine. The exudate covers a surface of extreme 

 redness, with points of darker blood-staining and even abrasion 

 or ulceration. The surrounding mucosa is also congested, the 

 villi hypertrophied, the mucous follicles swollen. 



Treatment. In the early stages a laxative of soda sulphate is 

 of especial value in depleting from the inflamed mucosa, liquefy- 

 ing the .secretions and dis.solving and loosening the false mem- 

 branes. Epsom salts, cream of tartar, Rochelle salts, calomel, 

 and pilocarpin are more or less valuable sub.stitutes. Iodide of 

 pota,ssiuni is most valuable in dissolving the exudate and acting 

 as a microbicide (dose 3-4 drs.). 



Other alkaline salts may be substituted or as antiseptics the 

 sulphites, hypo.sulphites, or sulphides of potash or soda. Borax, 

 bismuth, naphthol and creolin have also been recommended. 

 Enemata of warm water are desirable. 



In very adynamic conditions, muriatic acid (^ dr. doses) may 

 be given with vegetable bitters and the same may be allowed 

 during convalescence. 



PSEUDO-MEMBRANOUS (CROUPOUS) ENTERITIS IN 



SHEEP. 



Causes : As in cattle, draughts in folds, over-feeding. Symptoms : fever, 

 inappetence, weakness of hind parts, diarrhoea, tenesmus, false membranes, 

 blood in stools, tympany. Treatment : change diet of dam, exercise, Glau- 

 ber salts, potassium iodide, bismuth, flax-seed, elm-bark, mallow, gum, 

 carminatives, bitters, antiseptics. 



Causes. The same causes are claimed as for cattle. Clavel 



