358 Veterinary Medicine. 



in a locality where the above-named mode of castration is in 

 vogue. It is completed by feeling the imprisoned intestine and 

 the constricting cord just under the right or left transverse pro- 

 cesses of the sacrum. 



Treatment. The gut will sometimes escape from the sac if the 

 animal is turned quickly on its back. Another method is to in- 

 voke the influence of gravitation by jumping the animal from a 

 high step down to a lower level, or by trotting him down a steep 

 incline. A .still more effective method is to introduce the hand 

 into the rectum and press the palm upward and forward against 

 the soft mass of the impri,soned intestine. In this way the gase- 

 ous, liquid and solid contents are passed over into the portion of 

 the gut in front of the Gon,striction, and by continuing the pro- 

 cess the intestine itself can usually be pressed out and the suffer- 

 ing relieved. It is further suggested to press the thumb or the 

 whole hand forward against the constricting band and tear it in 

 two. A certain amount of to and fro movement is usually re- 

 quired and in exceptional cases the cord is so strong that the 

 measure has to be abandoned. 



Another resort is to pa.ss a cannula and trochar through the 

 adjacent part of the rectum, and withdrawing the trochar, to pass 

 a probpointed bistoury through the cannula, and beneath the cord 

 and cut it in two. 



These measures failing an incision must be made in the right 

 flank, following the line of the fibres of the external oblique, and 

 the hand being introduced and passed round the posterior border 

 of the omentum the seat of the disea.se is found and the con- 

 stricting cord is cut with a probpointed bi.stoury or a bistouri 

 cache. The wound is then sutured, disinfected and covered with 

 anti,septic gauze or cotton and bandage. The sounds of peristal- 

 .sis are resumed and in five or six hours defecation is restored. 



2nd Form. Another alleged condition vouched for by 

 Engli.sh and continental veterinarians depends on drawing down 

 the spermatic cord as far as po.ssible, cutting it off and allowing 

 it to be retracted into the abdomen. Having been detached by 

 the traction from the abdominal wall it is alleged to float free, 

 sometimes establishing an adhesion to one of the intestines of 

 which it later limits the movements ; sometimes forming a con- 

 nection with the abdominal wall and forming a sling in which the 



