Jaundice, Icterus, the Yellows. 457 



During recovery and in the convalescent animal the diet should 

 be laxative and non-stimulating. Bran mashes, turnips, beets, 

 carrots, green fodder, ensilage and scalded hay may be allowed. 

 Oats, corn, beans, peas, vetches, etc., must be carefully avoided. 

 If the food fails to maintain the bowels in a gently relaxed con- 

 dition one, two or more ounces of sulphate of soda may be added 

 ■daily. 



In the mild cases a good dose of purgative medicine succeeded 

 by a course of diuretics will serve a good purpo.se. 



In all cases alike work must be resumed very gradually. At 

 first the animal may be walked a few hundred yards, and the 

 pace or load and duration of exercise may be increased day by day 

 until full work can be safely endured. In an animal that has 

 •once suffered the same gradual inuring to labor should be 

 followed, after any short period of rest on a fairly good ration. 



JAUNDICE, ICTERUS, THE YELLOWS. 



Symptomic. Causes :• Mechanical obstrviction of bile duct, gall-stones, 

 iydatids, distomata, extraneous bodies, inflammation, stricture, obliteration, 

 Absence, ulceration, spasm, tumor, enlarged lymph glands, gastric tumors, 

 pancreatic, kidney or omental tumor, aneurism, fsecal accumulation, 

 pregnancy, ovarian tumor : Without mechanical obstruction, ptomaines and 

 -toxins, animal venoms, mineral poisons, hepatic atrophy, fear, other emo- 

 tions, cerebral concussion, imperfect oxidation, excess of bile, hepatic 

 inflammation, constipation and reabsorption of bile, experimental jaundice, 

 balance of tension in gall- ducts and blood vessels, duodenitis, compression 

 ■of aorta, hsematoidin and bilirubin, destruction of blood globules by 

 hydrosemia, taurocholate of soda, chloroform, ether, freezing, heat, elec- 

 tricity, alkalies, nitrites. Haemoglobin : Its solubility in horse. Bile acids 

 .and blood pigment. Summary of causes. Gravity of icterus. Symptoms: 

 Coloration, yellow, orange, brown, of tissues and secretions : Tests, staining 

 white paper, Gmelin's test, nitric and sulphuric acids, rainbow hues : Pet- 

 tenkofer's test for bile acids, syrup and sulphuric acid, dark violet : Stran- 

 burg's test syrupy paper and sulphuric acid, dark violet ; clay colored foetid 

 stools ; gravity. 



The terms icterus and jaundice are applied to a yellowness of 

 the mucosae, urine, skin and tissues caused by the pre.sence in 



