Parenchymatous Hepatitis. 491 



urine decreased, glairy, brownish red, groaning in defecation, excited circu- 

 lation and breathing, increased icterus by third day, foetid, colorless 

 diarrhoea. Diagnosis : Coincidence of fever, prostration, icterus, painful 

 defecation, foetid diarrhoea, light color of stools, tenderness and flatness on 

 percussing hepatic area. From influenza by absence of watering eyes and 

 contagion. Prognosis in horse : Very grave unless urine is free. Treat- 

 ment in horse : Portal depletion, calomel, ipecacuan, salines, diuretics, 

 fomentation of loins, antiseptics, derivatives, mineral acids, bitters. Careful 

 laxative diet in convalescence. Symptoms in cattle : Slower onset, anorexia, 

 dullness, depression, drivelling saliva, grinding teeth, icterus, constipation, 

 later foetid diarrhoea, pale colored stools, recumbency, groans on rising, 

 arching back, tender right hypochondrium, fever. Prognosis grave. Death 

 infivetosixdays. Treatment as in horse : Only saline laxatives. Symptoms 

 in dog : Muscular tremors, staring coat, hyperthermia, icterus, foetid breath, 

 ventral decubitus, extreme prostration , anorexia, tender right hypochondrium , 

 diminished urine, death in two or three days. Treatment in dog : Calomel 

 and jalap, diuretics, laxatives, derivatives, germicides, in convalescence, 

 mineral acids, bitters, careful diet. 



The different forms of inflammation of the liver are distin- 

 guished according as they affect, especially the hepatic cells and 

 tissue of the acini (parenchymatous), as they result in suppura- 

 tion (suppurative, catarrhal, abscess), as they cause necrobiosis 

 in nodular mas.ses (infectious or necrotic), as they lead to fibroid 

 thickening under the peritoneum and proper capsule (perihepa- 

 titis) ; or as they cause general fibroid induration of the organ by 

 increase of its connective tissue (cirrhosis). 



PARENCHYMATOUS HEPATITIS, ACUTE YELLOW 

 ATROPHY OF THE LIVER. 



The characteristic morbid lesion in this disease is the degenera- 

 tion of the liver cells, loss of their protopla.sm and nuclei and of 

 their normal functions. It may be circumscribed to limited 

 areas, or may affect the liver, generally. As the hepatic functions, 

 are so intimately related to those of the bowels and kidney, the 

 affection is usually accompanied by inflammations of these organs 

 as well. 



Causes in horses. The same general causes which produce 



