526 Veterijiary Medimie. 



to the portal fissure. Around the centre where the barbs were 

 implanted there was an irregular hsemorrhagic extravasation in the 

 liver, and in the abdominal cavity an effusion of 8 or 10 quarts 

 of blood. 



Sy^nptoms. In such a case the only definite symptoms are 

 those of internal hemorrhage, pallor of the mucous membranes, 

 gradually increasing weakness, vertigo, unsteady gait, and an 

 early death. In more protracted cases slight jaundice, dullness, 

 prostration, stupor, drooping of head, ears and eyelids, resting it 

 on the manger or walls, muscular weakness, crossing of the front 

 limbs, and it may be tenderness on percussion on the right side 

 of the chest posteriorly. It re,senibles the coma or immobility of 

 the horse but the patient backs more easily. 



Cattle. In ruminants sharp-pointed bodies passing from the 

 rumen will occasionally penetrate the liver, and give rise to 

 symptoms of hepatic disorder. Augenheister found in a cow 

 dilatation of the larger bile ducts, which contained about 10 quarts 

 of sand, that had apparently entered from the duodenum by 

 the common bile duct which had an orifice of an inch in diameter. 



Pig. The gall ducts of a pig's liver, in the Veterinary College 

 of Berlin contains a large amount of sand (Gurlt). 

 ., Dog. The liver is exceptionally perforated by sharp-pointed 

 bodies coming from the stomach. Cadeac and Blanc report three 

 cases of needle in the liver. Blanc's ca.se had been killed be- 

 cause of old age ; one of Cadeac' s showed symptoms resembling 

 rabies. 



Treatment of these cases would be very hopeless as nothing 

 short of laparotomy and the removal of the foreign body would 

 promise success. 



