(U 



surrounded by a hyperaemic zone, a yellowish zone may be seen within 

 the red zone. 



CoUaud,* as a result of the examination of sections from kidneys of 

 thirteen bovines sent by Theiler, noted an inflammatory process which 

 he divides into the following stages, viz. : — 



(1) Haemorrhage from the capillaries (through their walls) into the 



kidney tissue. 



(2) Cellular infiltration of the heemorrhagic areas with leucocytes, 



lymphocytes and fibroblasts and destruction of the red 

 corpuscles ; the leucocytes eventually disappearing, young 

 connecti"^'e tissue cells and lymphocytes finally remaining ; the 

 epithelium canaliculaire is also destroyed. 



(3) The connective tissue consolidates and invades not only the 



hsemorrhagic areas but the surrounding tissue as well. These 

 different stages are observed in the same kidney. 



According to the author, the Theileria parvum secretes a toxine which 

 acts on the . endothelium of the vessel walls and on the cells of the renal 

 epithehum. (Haemorrhages are found in all the organism.) The author 

 proposes the denomination of Nephritis hemorrJiagica piroplasmatica. It 

 would thus seem that the process is an inflammatory one leading to 

 regeneration. 



In a case of Babesia mutans infection, the incubative period varies 

 from twenty to forty-five days. The fever period is not pronounced, but 

 there is usually a continuous rise of temperature lasting for some weeks, 

 ending in recovery. The main symptoms are as follows, viz. : — An animal 

 with Babesia mutans may show no outward symptoms at all ; in other cases 

 a loss of condition is appreciable, and occasionally the symptoms of an 

 anaemia are pronounced. Death due to pure mutans infection has as 

 yet not been diagnosed. Post-mortem lesions. — In cases where piroplasms 

 were found to be present it was usually complicated with other diseases, 

 hence it is difficult to state where the lesions of mutans begin and where 

 they end. 



The post-mortem of an animal which was killed at the height of the 

 infection was as follows : — 

 Post-mortem, examination of Ox 660, 21s;; Novemher, 1908. Destroyed. 



Condition : Fair. 



Pericard : Contains a httle straw-coloured fluid. 



Lungs : Normal. Foam at bifurcation of trachea. 



Heart : Left ventricle empty, endocard ecchymosis. 



Right ventricle. A small blood coagulum, endocard a few 

 petechiae size of a pin's head. 



* L. CoUaud : Beitrage zur Pathologischen Histologie der Nicre liei, Rhodes;an Eedwatcr der Einder 

 in Slid Afrika (Piroplasmosis) Inaug. dissurt., Uiiiversitj' Zurich, 1906 ; Bulletin I'lnstitut Pasleur, t. V, 

 No. C, page 252, 30/3/07. 



