82 The Principles of Fruit-growing. 
tween the business of growing fruit and the business 
of handling and marketing it. 
It may be stated as a general principle that the 
commercial outlook igs best in those fruits which 
readily yield themselves to the greatest number of 
secondary or manufactured products, such as canned 
or evaporated goods, jellies and sauces, liquors, oils, 
or other commodities used in the arts. In these 
fruits the grower is not dependent upon a single 
outlet for his crop; and it should be said that if 
there is but a single important outlet for a fruit, 
that outlet is usually the sale in the fresh state, 
which is the most vicarious disposition which can be 
made of perishable products. This truth is well 
illustrated in the eastern grape business. The grape 
is consumed almost wholly as a dessert fruit, the 
only other emphatic outlet being in wine-making, 
which is comparatively unimportant in the east. 
As a consequence, the grower is largely at the 
mercy of the market, and this market may be defi- 
nitely and easily overstocked. In the ease of apples 
and peaches, the grower has the alternative of can- 
ning or drying the crop, and he may, therefore, 
be comparatively independent of the contemporaneous 
market. 
In years of heavy crops the returns from poor 
fruit are the least, and it often happens that the 
only good which comes from such yields is the lesson 
upon the business and the morals of good grading 
and packing; yet even this forceful lesson seems 
either not to reach the major part of fruit-raisers, 
