Vetch for Cover. 195 
latitude were the Black and Whippoorwill. The lat- 
ter fruited also at Lansing, Michigan, in 1887. It 
will be seen that there appears to be a difference 
between samples of the same variety coming from 
different sources. The Black pea from North Caro- 
lina seed matured well, but that from Louisiana 
stock was too late. The same difference occurred 
in the Clay. This is what might have been ex- 
pected, and it emphasizes the importance of securing 
seed from the northernmost Station, when choosing 
stock for growing in the north. On the whole, 
the Black cow pea seems best adapted to growing 
in central New York. A small patch of this was 
sown on a rich, loose soil July 17, and the plants 
made as heavy growth as those sown upon the clay 
soil nearly a month earlier. But the cow pea af- 
fords so much less winter protection to the soil 
than the vetch, without any counterbalancing ad- 
vantages, that it can scarcely be recommended for 
an orchard cover in the north.” Upon mellower 
and moister lands, however, good results have fre- 
quently been obtained with cow peas in the northern 
states. 
The use of the vetch or tare as a cover plant 
was brought forward by the Cornell Station,* and 
reported upon in 1892, as follows: “Orchard lands 
are nearly always benefited by some cover or mulch 
during a part of the year, especially during fall 
and winter. One of the values of sod lies in the 
protection to the soil, but a sod cannot be obtained 
* Bull. 49, Cornell Exp. Sta., 1892. 
