Injuries to the Fruits. BOT 
widen with the growth of the fruit. Mature fruits, 
with the rusty frost marks still conspicuous, are seen 
in Figs. 60 and 61. In some eases, the growth of 
ar 5° 
Fig. 60. Frost mark on a mature Fig. 61. Rusty frost zone around a 
Flemish Beauty pear. mature apple. 
tissue in the injured zone seems to be slow, resulting 
in a constriction of the fruit at that point. 
Amongst the most serious results of very late 
frosts in the north are the injuries to vineyards. The 
cold of May 18, 1895, wrought great havoe in 
the Chautauqua vineyards of New York, and 
forced the problem of how to manage: frozen vines 
