Packing Apples for Export. 409 
A barrel of winter apples properly faced and packed 
is shown just as it was opened in Fig. 93. 
The greatest care should be taken in the packing 
of apples for export, because they are subjected to 
long and trying transportation, the freight and inci- 
dental rates are high, and only the very best fruits 
will pay transportation and other expenses. One 
reason why the foreign market has recently been so 
poor for American apples ix because a great amount 
of poorly-sorted and poorly-packed fruit has been ex- 
ported. The following suggestions for the exporting 
of apples ure condensed from a report made by 
George T. Powell, of New York state, to the Com- 
missioner of Agriculture for that state, and will be 
found to be very useful :* 
“Kind of fruit wanted.—Only good fruit is wanted abroad. 
The fruit-grower should begin months in advance to secure 
good quality, by practicing good tillage, efficient fertilizing, 
and thorough spraying. Apples grown on trees which have 
imperfect (insect-eaten and fungous-infested) foliage generally 
fail to carry in good condition to Europe. Standard fall and 
winter varieties are most in demand in the export trade. 
Duchess and Twenty Ounce generally sell well if pieked while 
hard. Alexander is too soft. Baldwin, Greening, Spy, King, 
Spitzenburgh, Hubbardston (Nonesuch), Newtown (Pippin), Peek’s 
Pleasant, and late Russets are popular varieties. Jonathan 
and other medium-sized apples are especially desired. Red 
upples sell better than solid green ones, as a rule. Soft 
summer varieties do not ship well. 
“Picking the fruit.—Apples intended for export should be 
pieked earlier than for the home trade, but not when green 
* Suggestions.as to the Picking and Packing of Fruit for the Foreign 
and Home Markets, Albany, 1896. 
