412 The Principles of Fruit-growing. 
This danger has now become actual through the 
flooding of the German market with fresh American 
apples. It is, e. g., a fact, that during this winter 
the demand for apples in Berlin is being supplied 
with the American product, and others are searcely 
offered or not desired. This condition, and_ the 
dangers to the German fruit industry arising there- 
from, are set forth in a praiseworthy manner in a 
small pamphlet by B. L. Wiihne-Rixdorf (Berlin, 
1897). This pamphlet also points out the means by 
which we in Germany, by followine to some extent 
the practical Aierican—in relation to the growing of 
a few good marketable varieties of fruits, rigidly sort- 
ing them, and packing and shipping in proper pack- 
ages—can successfully meet the dangers alluded to. 
“The suggestions made by the author of the 
pamphlet are as follows. 
“1, The fast transportation of fresh German fruit 
at low rates on the part of the railroads. 
“2, The cultivation of a few valuable varicties. 
“3. The rigid sorting of fruit destined to be eaten 
in the fresh state. 
“4. The rational conversion of the less valuable 
fruit into imperishable marketable products, as fruit 
juices, cider, marmalade, jelly, steamed fruit, dried 
fruit, and fruit wines. 
"5. The general introduction of light, cheap and 
strong packing cases of standard size. 
“6. The proper packing of the fresh fruit. 
“7, The training of seientifie and practical special- 
ists in fruit culture. 
