Appendix. 485 
doubly serrate; peduncle rather stout, raising the panicle nearly as 
high as the leaves; panicle 2-4 inches long, 12-24-flowered (usually 
about 15-flowered); lower bracts broad, oval; sepals lanceolate or 
ovate-lanceolate, the alternating bractlets about the same length; 
petals orbicular, or oval, 4-16 to 5-16 inches long, including a short 
claw; stamens numerous and well developed; fruit bright crimson, 
broad ovoid to round oblong, % inch long; moderately firm; quality, 
medium; season medium. 
“Origin, Connecticut, 1870. 
“Probably not excelled by any variety for its productiveness on all 
sorts of soils and with every kind of treatment. Extensively grown.” 
“Cuthbert Raspberry.—Plant tall, stout, slightly glaucous, prickles 
recuryed, few, weak, seldom more than one mm. long; leaves, some- 
what wrinkled, light green above, light green to glaucous green 
below, under a lens more or less tomentose; leaflets large, doubly 
serrate-dentate, often recurved, those on stout shoots mostly five, 
sessile, puckered at the base, those of bearing branches three, stipules 
45 mm. long, erect, terete, 7-10 of the upper leaves bearing 14 
flowers, light red on the upper side, pedicles 1.5-2.5 em. long (the 
whole panicle 20-30 em. long), smooth or with minute prickles, 
bractlets 1-2 mm. long; calyx destitute of prickles, petals narrowly 
oval or obovate, 4-5 mm. long, including the very short claw; pistils 
clothed with minute reddish pubescence; fruit ovoid-conic, 6-8 mm. 
long; base of calyx 3-5 mm. long; styles, when dead, brown, bent, 
2.5 mm. long; torus conical, 8 mm. long, fruit red, very large and 
firm, productive and vigorous, quality good, rather hardy, season 
medium. 
“Origin, New Jersey or New York, 1870.” 
A glossary of some of the leading terms used in describing fruits 
may be useful to the novice. Of general terms, the following may be 
mentioned: Phytography, the describing of plants; taronomy, the 
science or practice of classification; terminology, the knowledge of the 
terms or technical words used in any subject; nomenclature, the 
knowledge of the names used to designate any class of objects. 
Leading terms used to designate the shape of fruits are as fol- 
lows: Conical, length equal to or greater than the breadth and the 
upper shoulders narrowed (Fig. 115); ovate, broader than the conical 
(Fig. 116); obovate, inversely ovate (larger at the apex); oblong, 
length equal to or greater than the breadth, and sides parallel or very 
nearly so; oblate, distinctly flattened endwise (Fig. 117); lop-sided 
(Fig. 118). Combinations of these terms with themselves (Fig. 119), 
