Characteristic Birds of Douglas-Fir/Aspen Complex: 



Cooper's hawk, red-tailed hawk, American kestrel, blue grouse, ruffed 

 grouse, great horned owl, common nighthawk, common flicker, yellow- 

 bellied sapsucker, downy woodpecker, dusky flycatcher, violet-green 

 swallow, tree swallow, black-capped chickadee, mountain chickadee, 

 white-breasted nuthatch, red-breasted nuthatch, house wren, American 

 robin, hermit thrush, Swainson's thrush, mountain bluebird, Townsend's 

 solitaire, ruby-crowned kinglet, starling, yellow-rumped warbler, Mac- 

 Gillivray's warbler, western tanager, evening grosbeak, Cassin's finch, 

 pine siskin, green-tailed towhee, dark-eyed junco, chipping sparrow. 



Sagebrush-Grassland Complex 



The sagebrush-grassland communities in Yellowstone and Grand Teton 

 are located in dry environments generally below 7500 feet. This complex 

 is generally confined to broad valleys and plateaus which are blanketed 

 with sagebrush. The prevalence of sagebrush may be due, in part, to past 

 fire suppression. The groundcover in the sagebrush-grassland complex 

 consists primarily of bluebunch wheatgrass, Idaho fescue, Junegrass, and 

 a variety of wildf lowers. Along the edges of this complex juniper, aspen, 

 and Douglas-fir grow in scattered clusters. Pothole lakes in these areas 

 attract many birds. In Grand Teton sagebrush complexes occur primarily 

 on gravelly glacial soils. Several sagebrush-grassland complexes in Yel- 

 lowstone occur on glacial deposits. These include Hayden Valley, Pelican 

 Creek, portions of Lamar Valley, the upper Gardiner River drainage, an 

 area near Lewis Lake, and the area surrounding Yellowstone Lake. In 

 Grand Teton extensive areas of the sagebrush-grassland complex can be 

 found over the entire valley floor. 



