55 



teinut, cypreeg, tulip tree, Lombardy and other species of the poplars, and 

 white willow. 



In the second class will be found the hickory, red pine, white oak, cherry, 

 Norway spru.ee, sugar maple, box alder, bass-wood, black jack oak, hackberry 

 basswood. 



And in the third class we place the red and white cedar, beech, birch, hem- 

 lock, black spruce, tamarack. 



It is not pretended that these lists are in all particulars exact, or that the 

 different trees will always make the growths here indicated. Instances may 

 occur in which trees here placed in the third class may make a growth to en- 

 title them to a place even in the first class ; and so too, trees in the first may 

 fall back to the third. It is only designed to indicate in a general way what 

 may be expected when the trees are growing in good soil adapted to their 

 full development, with proper culture. Of all these trees we shall speak more 

 at length when describing the particular species. 



The trees of slow growth and placed in the fourth class are either too 

 £mall or too short-lived to be of value as forest trees, and will be omitted 

 from this report. 



TEEES CLASSED BY VALUE AS FUEL. 



A vast mistake exists in the minds of most men, in regard to tlie relative 

 value of different kiads of wood to produce heat. Certain kinds of wood 

 are always preferred by the purchaser, because, when he buys or obtains wood, 

 and has prepared it for use, as fuel, he wants it as solid as possible and there- 

 fore, to last as long as possible. Tet, it may happen, that the wood not ao 

 desirable may be procured for so much less than the better wood, that it will he 

 a saving to take the cheaper article, aud prepare and use a greater quantity. 

 The rule maybe stated thus; The greater the density of completely dried 

 wood, and the greater the proportion of the charcoal in the wood, which it 

 as proposed to purchase, the greater will be its value as fuel. To this rule 

 there are what may appear slight exceptions. A wood may be light, and yet 

 be very resinous, and thus make a strong bright flame, while another of much 

 greater speeific gravity, will make but little flame, yet the first may piroduce 

 a more intense beat in the puddling furnace, or in the boiler of the steam 

 engine, by reason of the flame, than the last, which has most charcoaj. But 

 such woods are not economical to buy for the purpose of heat ng houses, or 

 for cooking, where hot, burning and durable coals are preferable to flames. . 



Marcus Bull, some years since, jijiblished some carefully prepared experi- 

 ments upon American woods, to test their qualities as fuel. One of his tables 

 is based upon shell-bark hickory, weighing, when thoroughly driedj by stove 

 heat, 4,488,1?6 pounds to the cord, estimated as 1,000 or unity. The table 

 contains forty-six different kinds of wood, some of which are little more than 

 underbrush, and seldom reach the fire, except to be burnt out of doors. Of 

 ithose woods;, but four are placed below one-half of unity in ralue and density. 



