BO 



lOAfeYl MiCROCARPA. {Small-fhdied ■hic1c(»§.) 



Bifliilat in fruit and leaflets to the last, but the shell is very thin and tiit^ 

 kernel sweet and large in proportion to the size of the nut. The tree is 

 large and wood excellent. This is a valuable variety for nuts, even excelling 

 the pecan, but miy prbVe lendfii' in Wisfeonsih, of whicll it is probably not a 

 bative. 



CARYA AMARA. {Bitter-Mt.) 



■Leaflets '7 to IS oblOng-lanc^olate, gerratfr, smooth ; fruit globular, but va- 

 Hftble, with ridged or prominent seams opening half way down ; nut inversely 

 heart-shaped ; shell very thin ; kernel apparently intensely bitter, and re- 

 ■tnarkably corrugated by the bitter integument. A gracoiVil tree with close 

 bark^ and email pointed bud9 nearly destitute of scales, covered in winter 

 with a yellow pubescence. Wood not as hard and heavy as the other varie' 

 ties, but valuable for bending, being the most/supple of all the hicltories. It 

 thrives well in moist l^nd and swftles, V/herg it is alhiost springy ground, and 

 4s particularly adapted for such locations. 



The hickories all strike a long tap i-oot, and it is vfery diftcult to transplant 



'them from where thtey have 'come up after th'ey are more than a year old. 



They are bfest grown by planting the nuts where the trees are desired, and 



cultivate them there till they are four feet high after Which they Will shide 



the ground, if planted thick, a,nd will only require trimming. All the hicko- 



I'ies can be Vorked on leach other. And no variety Of tree Will pay betteif 



'for cultivation. Plant the nuts as soon as gathered in autufanj or keep on 



the ground under leaves till spring. 



CUPULIFERiEv {Gup-bearing.) 



Tlira family embraces some of the most valuable timber trtes in America', 

 including the oak?, chestnut, beech and hornbeam. The leaves of these are 

 ialternate, simple, straight-veined, and monoecious flowers; stcfrile in catkins^ 

 fertile solitary or clustered, furnished with an involucre which forms a cup 

 or covering td the nut or nuts. Seeds filled with the embryo ; cotyledons 

 very thick and fleshy. The nuts must be planted before they dry as they die 

 Xm drying) and are apt to mould and rot by too great and moist heat. 



QUERCtrS. (OaA tribe.) 



Sterile flowers clustered in slender and naked drooping catkins ; fertild 

 ones scattered or somewhat clustered, with a 8-lobed stiglna enclosed by & 

 scaly bud-like involucre, which becomes an indurated oupule (cup, from which 

 the order take* its name,) around the base of the rounded nut or acorui 

 Cotyledons remaining under ground in germinationv All flowier in May and 

 shed their nuts in September and October. 



QUERCUS ALBAi ( White Oah) 



Leaves smooth, pale or glaucose underneath-, bright green above. Cu^ 

 hemispherical, foughisb, nakted, much shorter than the ovoid or oblong acorn. 

 l^ut an inch long, variable in flavor, sometimes sweet and quite good, iii 

 others bitter, or almost tasteless. The bark on young tfees is rough but not 

 furrowed, becoming somewhat scaly on old trees ; color, grayish white. , 



■Wood, light color, very tough and very valuable ; and used for more pur- 

 poses than any other timber. This is the largest and tallest of all the oaks, 

 reaching from 60 to 100 feet high, and from 2 to 4 fetet in diameter. 



The white oak is rather a slow grower, until the root is firmly established) 

 lafter which it makes wdod rapidly^ often laying on an inch of wood in four 



