90 



leaves a bad effect upon the mouth. It reaches 60 or 80 feet in height, and 

 timber may be hewn from it 80 or 40 long, and eight inches square. It is 

 shortlived, and the largest trees often rot while yet alive, and break down. 

 Seldom does it grow large enough to be cut into boards. As it grows old it 

 become resinous, and then if cut and dried, it makes a hot flaming fire. It 

 seems fitted for the purpose of creating a soil on the light sands where it is 

 found, and to prevent them from blowing into drifts, and ought to be kept 

 growing thereon, until a soil capable of producing something else is formed. 



PIN0S KESINOSA. {Bed Fine, vyrongly caEed Norway Fine.) 



Leaves in pair from long sheaths, semi-cilindrioal, elongated, dark green, 6 

 to 6 inches long. Cones ovoid-conical, about 2 inches long, sometimes ag- 

 gregated in large clnsters ; the scales pointless, dilated in the middle. 



Large trees with smooth straight stems — reddish and rather smooth bark ; 

 and compact yellowish wood moderately resinous, very durable, and valuable 

 for joists and flooring, as well as fencing boards. A rapid grower on all dry 

 soils, and thriving on the most sterrile sandy lands in the state. Next to 

 the white pine this is our most valuable species of pine ; and for some loca- 

 tions and uses, is preferable. As an ornamental tree, its dark green foliage 

 and long leaves make it rank above the Austrian pine, which it much resembles, 

 and excells in growth. 



Two other species closely resembling this are found in the northern states. 

 These are the P. Mgida (pitch pine), with very rough and dark bark, hard 

 wood saturated witlf resin, and grow 30 to YO feet high ; and Firms MUis 

 (yellow pins) But they do not make as large trees, nor as valuable timber 

 for any purpose as the red pine, and grow in similar soil ; therefore they 

 cannot be recommended. 



PINUS STROBUS. ( WhUe Fine. ) 



Leaves in fives, very slender, 3 to 5 inches long, rather glaucous, the 

 sheaths deciduous; cone narrow, cylindrical, nodding, a little curved 4 to 6 

 inches long ; scales of the cones pointless and not thickened at the end, but 

 very slightly upwards ; open early in winter, the seeds soon falling out. The 

 tree is large and the tallest of all our natives, sometimes towering in a single 

 stem to the height of 160 feet, and almost perfectly straight, one-half of 

 which is clear of limbs. This tree furnishes the immense quantity of white 

 pine lumber so well known throughout the country. 



TSo other tree yields such invaluable, soft and lightish white or yellowish 

 wood, which in the large trunks is nearly free from resin ; and although no 

 woodcuts easier and smoother under the plane, it is more durable than white 

 oak. The young trees in the forest generally have but few branches and 

 leaves, but in the open ground, it is sufficiently dense to form a good shade, 

 and makes a handsome cone topped tree. Its best location is on rich corn 

 land, with other trees, to which it is a good neighbor, or massed by itself at 

 the rate of 640 to the acre, in which situations it will mount upwards with 

 the most rapid growers. The white pine grows in soils quite moist, almost 

 swampy, though not as well as on drier lands. 



There are several foreign species of pines to be found among the nursery- 



