XX LIFE AND WOBKS OF COPE. 



Amphibamus, from the Carboniferous of Ohio, and at 28 he 

 published his first large quarto memoir, " Synopsis of the 

 Extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America." * 

 This contained, in addition to the above, the recent urode- 

 lous divisions, Trachystomata (Siren), Gymnophidia {Cceci- 

 lia), Proteida {Nedurus- Proteus); but of chief importance, 

 to include the Permian and Triassic forms of the world, he 

 proposed the great extinct order Stegocephali, which has 

 since been universally adopted. As a supplement to this 

 memoir appeared in 1874 his " Catalogue of the Air-Breath- 

 ing Vertebrata from the Coal Measures of Ohio," including 

 results also published in the Paleontology of the Geologi- 

 cal Survey of Ohio of the same year. His researches and 

 collections in tlie typical coal measures and Permian ex- 

 tended to Iowa and Illinois, leading to the determination 

 of Cricotus, which in 1880 f he made the type of the sub- 

 order Embolomeri, or Stegocephalio with double vertebral 

 rings. In 1877 he received the first remains of Eryops and 

 Trimerorachis, from the supposed Triassic, but actually Per- 

 mian, beds of Texas, animals which in 1882 he rnade the 

 type of the Rachitomi, a second suborder of Stegocephalio. 

 This accession of material, as we shall see, ranks with that 

 from the Puerco among the chief events of Cope's scientific 

 career, for the Permian of Texas yielded to him not only 

 these remarkable Batrachians with complex vertebrae, but 

 also the great primitive representatives of the Reptilia. 

 The suborders Rachitomi and Emboloineri have been 

 grouped as Temnospondyli in contrast with the specialized 

 Lahyrinthodontia and simpler Microsauria of Europe, chiefly 

 made known through the labors of Fritsch, Credner, Gau- 

 dry, and Miall. Cope's brief memoir of 1884 upon the 

 " Batrachia of the Permian Period of North America " sum- 

 med up his pres^ious contributions, but he anticipated that 



» Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, read 1868, pub. 1869. See also Proc. Phila. Aead. Nat. 

 Sci., 1868, p. 211. 



t American Naturalist, p. 610. 



