36 COPE 



pair opposite each other, all articulat- 

 ing with the scapula ; (10) Adinochiri^ 



YY, No precoracoid arch. 



Pterotic simple ; parietals separated by 



supraoccipital ; baseosts distinct ; (^11) Haplomi. 



aa, No symplectic. 



Baseosts fused into a single cartilage ; (12) Xenomi. 



Pterotic simple ; parietals distinct, in con- 

 tact; a preoperculum and palatine 

 arch ; (13) Ichthyocephali. 



/?/3, Scapular arch free from cranium. 



d, A symplectic bone. 



Hyoid arches and pectoral baseosts de- 

 veloped ; (14) Holostomi. 



00, No symplectic. 



Opercular bones and five osseous branchial 



arches, with ceratohyal ; (15) Enchelycephali. . 



Opercular bones and one osseous branchial 



arch, and ceratohyal ; (16) Colocephali. 



No opercular bones, nor ceratohyal, nor 



osseous branchial arches; (17) Lyomeri. 



The families of the Malacopterygia are as follows : 



DocoPTEEi : Dorypteridse. 



Mbeospondyli : Sauropsidse; Pycnodontidse ; Stylodontidaj ; 

 Sphserodontidse ; Macrosemiidse. 



Halecomorphi : Amiidse (dog-fishes). 



GiNGLYMODi : Lepidosteidse (bony gars). 



Nematognathi : Siluridee (cat-fishes); Hypophthalmidte :, 

 Aspredinidse. 



