INDEX. 



829 



Root, heliotropism of, 693, 

 694. 



— length of, 13, 512, 513. 



— movement of, 21. 



— primary, 23, 747, 752, 



753,764- 



— sensitiveness of, 16. 



— shortening of, 19, 576. 



— structure of, 15. 



— tap, 23. 



— xylem and phloem of, 1 68. 

 RootsofalgaE,29,3i, 33, 255. 



— of aquatics, 14, 23, 255. 



— ofaroids, 24. 



— of coniferae, 23. 



— of ferns, 31. 



— of fungi, 33. 



— of hepaticeae, 31. 



— of land-plants, 246, 255. 



— of lichens, 34, 35, 394. 



— of mosses, 29. 



— of parasites, 23, 25, 369. 



— aerial, 13, 14, 522, 523, 

 660, 693, 704, 711. 



— aeration of, 256. 



— development of, 523, 744. 



— eflFect of temperature on, 

 264, 



— hydrotropism of,7i5-7i7. 



— irritability to contact, 



715, 716- 



— lateral, 17, 284, 416, 476, 

 677, 699, 704, 705. 



— geotropism of, 707, 708. 

 • — metamorphosed, 23. 



— relation to leaif-surface, 

 156, 255. 



to leaves, 512, 513. 



— relations to soil, 256. 



— regeneration from, 721, 

 723. 



— rudimentary, 23. 



— selective power of, 287. 



— space occupied by, 1 3, 

 512. 



— tissue-tensions in, 575. 



— typical, II. 



— vascular bundles of, 126- 



135. 

 Root-cap, 14, 416, 447,451, 



456, 545, 583- 

 ^fibres, 13, 14, 15, 418, 



422. 

 forming substance, 519, 



521, 522. 



fungi, 388. 



hairs, 17-20, 25, 123, 



256, 374, 512, 514, 524- 

 526, 582, 695,710. 



absorption by, 257, 



262, 274. 



action of, 263. 



attachment to soil, 



257, 259. 



Root-hairs, excretion of 



acids by, 262. 



functions of, 255, 275. 



solution by, 262. 



Rootless plants, 62. 

 Root-like shoots, 62. 



parasites, 232, 253, 534. 



pole, 484. 



pressure, 271, 274, 275, 



281. 



274. 



conditions affecting, 



273,278. 

 daily periodicity of, 



273. 

 fluctuations of, 272, 



599- 



in fungi, 281. 



measurement of, 274, 



277. 

 stock, 276, 300, 312, 330, 



343, 366- 

 negative pressure in, 



277. 

 weeping of, 270. 



— tubers, 21, 23, 24, 517. 

 Rosaceae, 463, 780. 

 Rose, 463, 507, 537, 756. 



— of Jericho, 588. 

 Rostellum, 796. 

 Rotation, 82, 616-617. 

 Royal fern, 744. 

 Rubidium, 383. 

 Rudimentary tissue, 141, 



149. 



— organs, 6. 



— vascular bundles, 151. 



— shoots, 65. 



— roots, 29. 



— reproductive organs, 723. 

 Ruellia clandeJtina, 791. 

 Rumex, 124. 



Runners, 58, 478, 504, 703, 



708, 721, 798. 

 Ruicus, 55, 511. 



— aculeatus, 55. 



— hypaglossum, 49. 

 Rushes, 145, 219. 

 Russelia juncea, 55. 

 Rust-fungi, 381. 

 Rutaceae, 183. 

 Rye, 337, 687,790. 



S. 

 Sabal, 702. 



Saccharomycetes, 385. 

 Saccharum offic'marum, 117. 

 Sagittaria, 43. 

 Salep, 180. 

 Salices, 780. 

 Salix, iTj, 184, 784. 

 — fragilis, 236. 



— grandifolia, 51. 

 50, 128. 



Salicylic acid, 385. 

 Saltpetre, 291, 325, 567. 

 Salts, 79, 172, 202, 226,253, 



260, 262, 283, 296, 324, 



566. 



— absorption by roots, 262, 

 287. 



— absorption and retention 

 by soil, 260, 261. 



— ammonia, 292, 384. 



— as affecting transpiration, 

 252. 



— essential in nutrition, 284, 

 287. 



• — in sap, 274, 280. 



— in soil, 259, 262, 287. 

 Sal-via, 186. 



— 794. 



— pollination of, 794. 



— hirta, 791. 



— pratensis, 794. 

 Salvinia, 62, 442, 756. 

 Salviniacex, 40. 



— reproduction of, 745. 

 Sambucus, 186, 319. 



— Ebulus, 129. 



— nigra, 177, 179, 570. 

 Sand, 259. 

 Sandarach, 181. 

 Santalum, 760. 



Sap, 274. 



— salts in, 274. 

 Saprolegniae, 375, 381, 612, 



777- 

 Saprophytes, 63, 366, 367, 



369, 371. 

 Saprophytic fungi, 381. 



— Phanerogams, 371, 511. 

 Sarcina, 387. 

 Sargassum, 6g. 



— •vulgarum, 71. 

 Sauromatum, 699. 

 Saxifrage, 280. 

 Scalariform vessels, 137. 

 Scale-bark, 166. 

 Scale-leaves, 504, 506, 507. 



— converted into foliage- 

 leaves in the light, 536. 



Scammony, 180. 

 Scape, 418, 543, 546. 

 Scarlet Runner, 505. 



629, 630, 688. 



Schizogenous glands, 185, 



186. 

 Schizomycetes, 384, 385, 



386. 



— 387. 

 Scirpus, 219. 



— cladium, 145. 



— maritimus, 708. 

 Scitamineae, 802. 

 Sclerenchyma, 144, 181, 219, 



230, 423, 5", 569, 570, 

 572. 



