54 OUR FORESTS AND WOODLANDS 
previously been decreed by James II. that ‘ woods 
sould be planted, hedges made, and brome sawing, 
under sic paines, as law and unlaw of the Baron 
or Lord sall modifie.” In 1504, during the reign 
of James IV., it was enacted that, as ‘the wood 
of Scotland was utterly destroyed,’ a penalty of 
five pounds should be incurred for felling or 
burning green wood in future without permis- 
sion; and every lord and landholder was obliged 
to plant at least one acre of wood, if there were 
no great wood or forest upon his estate. The 
larger landowners were also required to form 
parks replenished with deer, and to make ponds, 
rabbit-warrens, dovecots, orchards, and hedges. 
These penalties proving insufficient, the fine was 
raised; for James V. enacted that ‘planting of 
woods, forrests, making of hedges, and hayning 
(i.e. enclosure) is commanded to be done, under 
the paine of ten pounds.’ 
This is very much to the effect of what Holin- 
shed subsequently desired for England. ‘I would 
wish,” he said, ‘that I might live no longer than 
to see some things in this land reformed, that 
is, . . . that everie man, in whatsoever part of 
the champaine soile enjoieth fortie acres of land, 
