CHAPTER VIII 



Fowl Cholera, Fowl Typhoid and Fowl Plague 



Cholera 



Fowl cholera is a virulent, usually fatal and highly in- 

 fectious disease. It is entirely distinct from the ordinary 

 forms of enteritis with which it is often confused by poultry- 

 men. Fowl typhoid and infectious leukaemia are also often 

 mistaken for cholera. Genuine fowl cholera is rather rare in 

 this country but is much more common in Europe. Ac- 

 cording to some investigators it is now on the increase in this 

 country. This disease was first reported in this country 

 about 1880 by Salmon (Rept. U. S. Comm. of Agric). Owing 

 to the lack of proper bacteriological methods at that time 

 Salmon was not able with certainty to identify this disease 

 with the European cholera. From certain experimental 

 work he concluded that some of the symptoms exhibited by 

 the disease in this country were different from those de- 

 scribed by European writers. About 1894 Moore ^ obtained 

 material from several outbreaks of supposed cholera but 

 found this disease to differ in some important respects from 

 the European trouble. Later Curtice ^ described a disease 

 similar to that of Moore's under the name of fowl typhoid. 



1 Moore, V. A., "A Study of a Bacillus Obtained from Three 

 Outbreaks of Fowl Cholera." U. S. Dept. of Agric. Bur. Anim. 

 Ind., Bui. No. 8. 



2 Curtice, R., "Fowl Typhoid." Rhode Island Agr. Expt. Stat. 

 Bui. No. 87. 



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