216 ANIMAL LIFE 
tions lead enemies to believe that they possess a sting. 
The striking eye-spots of many insects are believed by some 
entomologists to be of the nature of terrifying appearances. 
The larva (Fig. 138) of the Puss moth (Ceruwra) has been 
often referred to as a striking example of terrifying appear- 
ances. When one of these larve is disturbed, “it retracts 
its head into the 
first body ring in- 
flating the mar- 
gin, which is of a 
bright red color. 
There are two in- 
tensely black spots 
on this margin in the 
appropriate position for 
eyes, and the whole ap- 
pearance is that of a large 
flat face extending to the 
outer edge of the red mar- 
gin. The effect is an in- 
tensely exaggerated cari- 
Fic. 138.—Larva of the Puss moth (Cerura). cature of a vertebrate 
Upper figure shows the larva as it appears face, which is probably 
when undisturbed ; lower figure, when dis- . 
turbed.—After Pouuton. alarming to the verte- 
brate enemies of the cat- 
erpillar. . . . The effect is also greatly strengthened by two 
pink whips which are swiftly protruded from the prongs 
of the fork in which the body terminates. ... The end 
of the body is at the same time curved forward over the 
back, so that the pink filaments are brandished above the 
head.” 
111. Alluring coloration—A few animals show what are 
called alluring colors—that is, they display a color pattern 
so arranged as to resemble or mimic a flower or other lure, 
and thus to entice to them other animals, their natural prey. 
This is a special kind of aggressive resemblance. <A species 
