CHKTSASTHEMUM. 349 



atmosphere at a high temperature, red spider and brown 

 spot -will disfignre them very rapidly ; therefore care must 

 be taken to keep them in a cool, moist, airy situation. 



The Shrubby kinds • are more compact and hardy, and 

 although they are serviceable to some extent for in-door 

 decoration, their chief use is for bedding purposes. They 

 are mostly raised from cuttings. Nothing can be easier to 

 cultivate if the side shoots are planted in a cold frame, or 

 even out of doors, about October, when nearly every cutting 

 would grow ; but at any other season they are somewhat 

 difficult. Calceolarias are natives of South America, mostly 

 at considerable elevations in Chili and Peru. YeUow of 

 various shades is the prevailing colour amongst the species ; 

 one or two pale purple-flowered kinds are also found, 

 which may probably lead to further improvement in this 

 genus. Amongst the hybrids we have spotted flowers in 

 almost all shades of colour — rich dark brown, as well as 

 crimson and mauve. They do not grow well when forced, 

 but, as they will stand a few degrees of frost uninjured, 

 they continue to keep the flower garden gay till quite late in 

 the autumn. 



Chrysanthemum. 



This is a very large genus of Asteracea {Composite), 

 composed of many annuals, nearly all of which are hardy 

 plants ; but we have in this place to deal with the varieties 

 of C . sinense, which have been so vastly improved by cross- 

 breeding, and by the attention of the Florist, that they 

 are absolutely indispensable for autumn and winter deco- 

 ration. The plants are perfectly hardy, but as the flowers 

 cannot withstand frost, it is only in very favourable seasons 

 that they will remain long in perfection as border plants ; 

 they are consequently and deservedly largely grown in pots 



