4 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



In the Desert however, where plants at first seem wanting and are only to be found by diligent 



search, there are at least two kinds of shrubs : a low bushy Acacia, and a tamarisk; alike incon- 

 spicuous, and very rarely met with. The other Desert plants are also inconspicuous and occur singly 

 at long intervals. 



On now including both Desert and river-flat, the flora of Egypt is mainly characterized by its 

 meagerness, and by negative traits. The soil everywhere powdery is found to be devoid of cryptoga- 

 mous plants, of Lichens, Mosses, and Ferns (the exceptions confined to artificial localities, as the 

 top of pyramids and walls of cisterns, with a single Fern Adiantam capilhts-veneris growing within 

 reach of the sea air of the Mediterranean). 



Of other tribes of plants abounding in Syria and on the nearest Greek islands, the following .dis- 

 appear : Saxifragaceae, Droseraceas, Primulaceae, Violaceas, Valerianacea?, Gentianacese (with the 

 exception of Erytkrcea spicata on the seashore), Orchidaceae, the genus Carex (with the exception 

 of C. divisa on the seashore), Hypericaceae, Globulariaceae (with the exception of G. alypum along 

 the Mediterranean within reach of the sea air), Onagraceas, Crassulaceae, Dipsacaceae (ivith the 

 exception of Scabiosa arettaria on the seashore), Rosacea? (with the exception of Poterium sangui- 

 sorba within reach of the sea air of the Mediterranean), and heaths with all Ericaceae especially 

 marking the striking change in climate and soil. 



Though a careful observer throughout my stay in Egypt I did not make extended notes, nor 

 seek to distinguish in all instances the imported plants. I did not anticipate ever being engaged in a 

 work like the present, and have here to offer only a compiled account of the indigenous vegetable 

 growth, to be revised and amended by future observers. 



Beginning with the Desert, unchanged in aspect throughout the whole period of human history, 

 no plants brought by the hand of man having found foothold, the Desert plants may be enumerated 

 as follows : — 



Mc in spcrma in leceba ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. ; and in 



Upper Egypt, Del. 

 Buutas spinosa, L. ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. 

 Anastatica Hterochunfua, L. ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. 



Extending to JBarbary, Pers. 

 Ricotia Aegyptiaca, L. ; in Syria not far from Salehyeh, 



Savi^n. and Del. 

 Lituaria parviflora, Del. ; around the pyramids at Sakha ra, 



Del. 

 Sisymbrium hispiduui, Vahl ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. 



and Del. 

 Cheiranthus lividus ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. and 



Del. 

 Farsctia scabra, Cheiranth^s of Desf. ; not far from Cairo, 



Forsk. ; and observed by myself around the pyramids of 



Gizeh. Extending into Arabia and Barbary, growing also 



near Smyrna, Pers. and Sibth. 

 Hesperus acris, Forsk. ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. ; Des- 

 ert of "Ooubbeh" and at "Mataryeh," Del. 

 pygmeea, Del.; not far from Alexandria, also on 



the boundary between Egypt and Syria, Oliv., Savign., and 



Del. 

 Brassica teret/folia, Desf. ; around the pyramids at Sakhara, 



Del. Extending to Barbary, Desf. and Pers. 

 Eriuaria crassifolia, Brassica of Forsk. ; not far from Cairo, 



Forsk. ; and "near the pyramids of Sakhara, 3 ' Del. 

 Capparls Aegyptiaca^ Lam. j near Minyeh in Upper Egypt, 



Del. 

 Cleome Arab/ea, Cleome of L. ; " around the pyramids," Del. 



Extending into Arabia and Barbary, Shaw, Desf. , and 



Pers. 

 Roridula droserifolia, Forsk. ; not far from Suez, Forsk. ; 



ravines between the Nile and the K.ed Sea, Del. 

 Sodada deeidua, Forsk. ; throughout Vemen, Forsk ; and 



in Upper Egypt, Del. 

 Reseda canescens, L. ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. and Del. ; 



" Salmantica," Pers. 



subulala, Del. ; Cairo to Alexandria, Del. 



pruinosa ; not far from Alexandria, also in Syria, 



Del. 

 Ochradenus baccatus % Del. ; not far from Suez, also in Up- 

 per Egypt, Del. 



not far from Alex- 



not far from Ca 



Helianthcmum Lippii, Cistus of L. ; 

 andria, Forsk. and Del. 



siipulatum i Cistus of Forsk. 



Forsk. and Del. 



glutinosum, Cistus of L. ; not far from Alexan- 



dria, Del. Extending to the Northern shores of the Medi- 

 terranean, Cav. and Pers. ; but not yet found in Greece. 



rosea/u, Cistus of Jacq. ; not far from Alexandria, 



Del. 



Freiukaiia rcvoluta, Forsk. ; not far from Alexandria, Forsk. 



and Del. 

 Ah i uc sueeuleiifa, Illecebrum alsinifolium of L. ; between 



Cairo and Suez, Del. Extending to Spain, Pers. 

 Gypsnphda eaftllans, Rokejeka of Forsk. ; not far from 



Cairo, For^k. ; and near Suez, Del. 

 Paronychia Arabwa, Illecebrum of L. ; not far from Cairo, 



Forsk. and Del. 

 Polycarpceafragilis, Del.; not far from Cairo, Del. 

 Er odium hirtum, Geranium of Forsk. ; not far from Cairo, 



Forsk. ; and Alexandria, Del. 



tr/angulare, Geranium of Forsk. ; not far from 



Cairo, Forsk. 



glaucophyltum, Geranium of L. ; not far from 



Cairo, Del. ; Memphis, Pers. 

 malopoides, Geranium of Desf. ; not far from Cairo, 



Del. Extending to Sicily and Barbary, Cav. and Pers. 

 Rufa lubcrculata, Forsk. ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. ; also 



in Nubia, Del. 

 Peranum harmala, L. ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. ; and 



Alexandria, Del. Extending to Crete, Greece, Spain, and 



Siberia, Sibth. and Pers. 

 Nitraria retusa, Peganum of Forsk. ; not far from Cairo, 



Forsk. ; Alexandria and Damietta, Del. ; Desf. and Pers. 

 Fagoitia Crctiea, L. ; not far from Cairo, Del. Extending 



to Yemen, Crete, and Barbary, Forsk., Desf. and Pers. 

 Arab/ea, L. ; not far from Cairo, Del. ; and at Mor 



in Arabia, Forsk. 



glutinosa, Del. ; not far from Cairo, Del. 



mollis, Del. ; not far from Suez, Del. 



latifolia, Del. ; not far from Cairo, Del. 



Tribal/is pent<i)idrus, Forsk. ; not far from Cairo, Forsk. ; 



and in Upper Egypt, Del. 



