OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 



71 



2795 B. C. (= 2796 in calendar years = 2816 — "20" of the Afr.-Maneth. table), 

 NephSrheYes succeeded by Sisires, fourth king of the Fifth dynasty: to whose 

 reign "seven" years are assigned. The name of king Raensesur occurs at the 

 "pyramid at Reggah " (Glid. analect.), also at Wadi Maghara, Sakkarah, and in con- 

 temporaneous tombs at Gizeh : — in the " Fifteenth " and " Seventeenth " tombs, he is 

 placed after Sehura and Nofirikara (Leps. d. ii. pi. 55, 57, 59, and 152). 



_ His surname "An" (Birch) occurs in the tombs at Gizeh ; and in the "twenty-seventh" (Leps. 

 d. ii. pi. 76) is placed after Chufu and before Tankara ; — in the chamber of kings at Karnak, is 

 placed after Sehura and before Asesa ; occurs also in other genealogical tables ; and under the 

 Twelfth dynasty, on a "fragment of a granite statue " (C. Mull, fragm. Maneth. p. 548). 



Raensesur built the middle pyramid at Abusir; as appears from his name in "red ochre " quarry- 

 marks on some of the component blocks of stone. 



2788 B. C. (= 2789 in calendar years = 2796 — " 7 " of the Afr.-Maneth. table), accession 

 of Hfiires, sixth king of the Fifth dynasty : to whose reign " twenty " years are assigned. The 

 name of king Horakau occurs in contemporaneous tombs at Gizeh : — and in the " Twenty- 

 sixth," he is placed after Sehura and Kaka. The same name quadrangularly enclosed, occurs 

 in the " Twenty-seventh " tomb (Leps. d. ii. pi. 74 and 76). 

 f ^ 2768 B. C. (= 2769 in calendar years = 2789 — "20" of the Afr.-Maneth. table), Heues 

 succeeded by Rathoures, seventh king of the Fifth dynasty: to whose reign "forty-four" years 

 are assigned. 



Forty-sixth generation. May 1st, 2767, mostly beyond youth : 

 Forty-seventh generation. Sept. 1st, 2734, mostly beyond youth : 



2724 B. C. (= 2725 in calendar years = 2769 — "44" of the Afr.-Maneth. table), Rathoures 



succeeded by MSnhSres II., eighth king of the Fifth dynasty: to whose reign "nine" years 



are assigned by Manetho ; but "eight" only, in the Turin papyrus. The name of king 



Menkauhor occurs at Wadi Maghara: — and on monuments of later times (Leps. d. ii. pi. 39, 



and k. pi. 5). 



A slab containing a portrait of Menkauhor — was found in excavating the Serapeum at Memphis 

 (Birch). 



Menkauhor built a pyramid : — which has not as yet been identified (Birch). 



IjSBBk. 2715 B. C. (= 2716 in calendar years = 2725 — "9" of the Afr.-Maneth. table, 

 KSB the Egyptian Chronicle giving 2497 -(-"217 years " = 2714), end of the reign of 

 I MSnhSres II. He was Succeeded by TanhSres, ninth king of the Fifth dynasty: 

 RH to whose reign "forty-four" years are attributed by Manetho; but "thirty-eight" 

 ^tW only, in the Turin papyrus. The name of king Tankara occurs at Wadi Maghara, 

 Sakkarah, and in contemporaneous tombs at Gizeh : — where, in the " Twenty-seventh," he precedes 

 Asesa (Leps. d. ii. pi. 39, 63, 65, and 76). 



His surname Assa (Birch) occurs at Sakkarah ; and in the necropolis at Gizeh is inscribed in the 

 "seventeenth, twenty-sixth, twenty-seventh," and "thirty-fifth" tombs. — A different form of appar- 

 ently the same name, occurs subsequently in the chamber of kings at Karnak (Leps. d. ii. pi. 67, 74, 

 76, 78, and k. pi. 6). 



2712 B. C. = "fourth year of Assa" (Birch), commissions sent to Wadi Maghara, "to examine 

 the state of the locality and excavations." 



Forty-eighth generation. Jan. 1st, 2700, mostly beyond youth : 



A papyrus written by an officer under king Asesa (discovered in Thebes by Prisse) is described 

 by De Rouge" as having the characters slightly cursive; the initial stage therefore of hieratic writing. 

 2671 B. C. (= 2672 in calendar years = 2716 — "44" of the Afr.-Maneth. table), Tanheres 

 succeeded by Onnos, tenth king of the Fifth dynasty : to whose reign " thirty-three " years are 

 assigned by Manetho; but only "thirty," in the Turin papyrus. The name of king Onas 

 occurs in the "Twenty-sixth" tomb at Gizeh (Leps. d. ii. pi. 75), on a vase procured in Egypt 

 _ by Abbott (Glid. analect), and on other movable articles in the museums of Europe (Birch). 

 Evidence that the name and title of Onas were identical is given in Leps. k. pi. 5 ; and, with the 

 two exceptions above given, single ovals appear to have been to this time employed by the Egyptian 



kings. 



Forty-ninth generation. May 1st, 2667, mostly beyond youth : 



Of the above-mentioned tombs at Gizeh, several were pointed out to me by Mr. Bonomi, others 

 besides not later than the Fifth dynasty, and on the walls I remarked figures of three additional 



Pa,n Cynara scolvmus of the Mediterranean countries. Called in Britain artichoke, in France 

 "artichaux" in Spain "artichofa" or " alcachofa," in Italy " articiocco " (Prior), in Germany 

 " artischoke " in Greece " agkunara " (Fraas) or " agriokunara " (Sibth.), in Egypt " chars juf " 



