84 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



emperor Yu — (Chinese auth.). The next emperor but one, Tai-kang, is accused in the "Elegy of 

 the five sons" of being too fond of this fermented liquor (Chou-king ii. 3, and Pauth. p. 55) ; "wine 

 from wheat," and "from rice," are both mentioned in the Chou-king. Spirituous liquors are men- 

 tioned in the Institutes of Menu (Deslongchamps version) ; "wine from rice instead of barley" was 

 seen in Hindustan by Megasthenes (Strab. xv. 153) ; and the ardent spirit from rice was found by 

 Jean Carpin, Rubruquis, and Marco Polo, in use in Central Asia ; and by Borri, in Cochinchina. An 

 intoxicating " vin de zucar " manufactured in Hindustan, is further described by Marco Polo 180. 

 From the first invention in China, some three thousand years elapsed before alcoholic distillation 

 became known in Europe. 



The Hong-fan, a treatise on moral and political philosophy, science, and religion, is attributed to 

 the reign of Yu — (Chou-king iv. 4. 3). 



Divination with the herb " chi " practised by the emperor Yu (Chou-king i. 3. 18); mentioned 

 also in the Hong-fan. 



"2204 B. C." (Graha Munjari tables), beginning of the Treta Yug or Silver Age among the 

 Hindus, and (according to Bentley as. res. vin. p. 226) of Hindu history. Atri, the great grandfather 

 of king Pururava, not earlier therefore than this date.* 



Chomasbelus son of Euechous, reigning at Babylon — (Berosus in Alex. Polyhist., and Euseb.). 



Sixty-third generation. Jan. 1st, 2200, mostly beyond youth : 



The same year (= 1976-)- "224 years" of Berosus in Alex. Polyhist., and Euseb. i. 4. p. iS), 

 Babylon captured by the Medes under Zoroaster ; and the accession there of the Median dynasty : — 

 a succession of "8," or perhaps " 8 -J- 11," Median kings of Babylon. 



Zoroaster, founder of Median power though a Bactrian king, is identified (by Berosus in j\los. 

 Choren. i. 5) with the " Zerovanus " who lived after the Deluge of Xisuthris. Zoroaster is also 

 termed a Bactrian by Clemens Alexandrinus, Arnobius, Justinus i. I, and Ammianus Marcellinus ; 

 and is spoken of as the first who "discovered the magic arts, and diligently investigated the principles 

 of the universe and motions of the stars.'' (See below, Ninus) 



"2197 B. C. = 1st year of Ki, of the Hia " or Third dynasty (Chinese chron. table), and a son 

 of Yu ; — the succession from this time hereditary, confined to a selection among the king's sons 

 (Pauth. 54 and 60). 



A "black granite " fragment of a colossal statue of king Sesurtesen — is now in the museum at 

 Berlin. 



His portrait occurs on a stela, or stone slab, recording the conquest of Nubian and Lybian Tribes. 



This stela was discovered at the Second cataract of the Nile, near the sanctuary of a temple built 

 by him. In accordance also with his father's plans, Sesurtesen founded or continued the temple at 

 Karnak in Thebes. 



By another marked change in monumental history, obelisks now make their appearance : as far 

 as known first erected by Sesurtesen ; one of granite proper (and therefore brought from some 

 unknown quarter) at Heliopolis ; another, at Crocodilopolis in the Faium. — From this time, obelisks, 

 bearing apparently dedicatory inscriptions, are placed in front of temples ; but occur only in the royal 

 or dynastic cities, those sometimes designated by their tutelar deities : as Memphis by Pthah or Vul- 



* Sapindus rubigiiwsus of Tropical Hindustan. A tree called in Burmah " hseik-khyae " 

 (Mason), and from early times affording sustenance to man in its fruit: — observed by Graham near 

 "Bombay, rare;" by Wight in Southern Hindustan ; by Roxburgh cor. i. pi. 62, its timber "very 

 useful for a great variety of purposes, being large straight strong and durable." Farther East, by 

 Mason v. 535 "exotic" in Burmah, and bearing "a small red fruit in bunches that is eaten by the 

 natives." 



Elceagnus conferta of the mountains of Hindustan and the Siamese countries. A large scandent 

 shrub called in the environs of Bombay " amgool " or " amgoolee " (Graham), in Burmah " men-gu " 

 (Mason), in Tagalo "alingaro" (Blanco), and from early times affording sustenance to man in its 

 fruit of "an agreeable acid flavour: " — observed by Nimmo common "all along the Ghauts, South- 

 ern Concan and about Cochin ; " by Roxburgh i. 440 in other parts of Hindustan ; and by Hermann 

 (Burm. pi. 39) on Ceylon. Farther East, by Mason v. 450 indigenous in Burmah, cultivated besides 

 by the natives for its edible plum-like fruit ; by Loureiro ii. p. 528 in Cochinchina ; and by Blanco, 

 along roadsides on the Philippines. 



Antidesma paniculata of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A small tree called in Burmah 

 " kyet-tha-hen " (Mason), and from early times affording sustenance to man in its fruit: — observed 

 by Nimmo in the " Southern Concan " (Graham), and by Roxburgh iii. 770 in other parts of Hin- 

 dustan. Farther East, by Mason v. 458, indigenous and frequent " in the neighborhood of Toungoo " 

 in Burmah, bearing "a red sour fruit." 



