05 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



quist, Forskal, and Delile, in the gardens of Egypt ; and by Forskal, wild everywhere along the base 

 of the mountains of Yemen. By European colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where it 

 is occasionally seen in gardens. 



2102 B. C. = "6th year of Sesurtesen III.;" found on the monuments (C. Mull. fr. Man. 

 p. 562). 



Sixty-sixth generation. Jan. 1st, 2100, mostly beyond youth : 



The same year = "8th year of Sesurtesen III.," in a tablet at Samneh in Upper Nubia (Birch), 

 Ethiopia being now for the first time conquered by an Egyptian army (Leps. eg. and sin. 245). A 

 statue of the king has been found near by on " Bigeh," and foundations of a gigantic fortress were 

 built in the narrow pass, — afterwards converted into a nilorpeter (Leps. and Buns.). 



" 2097 B. C. = 23d year of the usurpation of Han-tsou, and 22d of the detention of Chao-kang" 

 (Chinese chron. table), beginning of the Tenth cycle. 



2094 B. C. = " 14th year of Sesurtesen III.," in the quarries of basalt at Hamamat — (Birch). 



" 2093 B. C. = Sixth manwantara '' among the Hindus (Graha Munjari tables, and Bentley as. 

 res. viii. 244), Pururava son of Budha, son of Soma, son of Atri, may have been at this time reigning* 



Bambino, arundinacea of Tropical Eastern Asia. The bamboo is called in Bengalee "bansh," 

 in Telinga "veduru," in Tamil "mungil," in Malabar " kull-moollah '' (Drur.), and the people of Hin- 

 dustan at first lived on the " kalamos " f — (Aelian, and Ruel i. 115); the "kalamos inthikos " is 

 mentioned by Herodotus . . . . , and Theophrastus iv. 11. 13, and was seen in Hindustan by Megas- 

 thenes (Strab. xvii. 3. 5) : boundaries according to the Institutes of Manu viii. 247 should be marked 

 by planting bamboos (transl. Deslongch.) : B. arundinacea was observed by Graham in the environs 

 of Bombay, but by myself only under cultivation; by Rheede i. pi. 16, in Malabar; by Buchanan, 

 Roxburgh cor. i. pi. 79, and Drury, wild in the interior forests of the peninsula, the seeds gathered 

 for food, the young shoots eaten like asparagus, and the leaves and old stems employed for a great 

 variety of purposes. Farther East, by Mason \. 525 in Burmah, some varieties indigenous, "houses 

 with all their furniture " made of them, fire procured "by rubbing two bits" together, "bellows to 

 blow the fire " also furnished, the joints supplying the place of " cup, spoon, and water-bucket," the 

 leaves used " for plates and dishes and thatch," the " young shoots " eaten as vegetables together 

 with the seeds "in times of scarcity;" was observed by myself planted along road-sides on the 

 Philippines. Westward, is enumerated by Clot-Bey as recently and successfully introduced into 

 Egypt. 



"2079 B. C." (Pauth. p. 61), in China, Han-tsou dethroned by the lawful emperor Chao-kang. 



Tanaus king of Scythia, before the time of Ninus — (according to Justin, Bonom. Nin. iii. : see 

 Targitaus). 



Sesurtesen III. building of dobi or sun-dried brick the small pyramid at Dashur. An inscrip- 

 tion (interpreted to Herodotus) claimed superior value over the stone pyramids around, and if an 

 herbarium of selected plants chopped and mixed in mud, its superiority will be vindicated. A single 

 brick examined by Unger has at least led to important results : 



Raplianistrum arvense of the Mediterranean countries. The jointed charlock is called in Greece 

 "raphanitha" (Sibth.), and imbedded fragments in the brick — identified by Unger (acad. vienn., 

 and journ. sc. lond.) : the plant at the present day seems unknown in Egypt. Farther North, 

 "raphanithas lepras" are commended as purgative by Diodes of Carystus in a letter to king Antig- 

 onus (Fabr. xii. p. 588) : and R. arvense was observed by Sibthorp not rare in the grain-fields of 



* Prosopis spicigcra of Tropical Hindustan. A large tree called in Tamil "parumbay," in 

 Bengalee "shumee," in Telinga " chamee " (Drur ), on the Northern Circars "tshamie" (Roxb.) ; 

 and the "sami " by rubbing which king Pururavas brought out concealed fire — (Kalidas. ragh. iii. 

 9), mentioned also by Susrutas sutr. 46 to kalp. 7, is referred here by Colebrooke as. res. vii. 302 : 

 the "arani " by friction of two pieces yielding the "sacred fire " (Sanhita of the Sama Veda iii. 6 to 

 xi. 10, Stev. praef. iv to vii), mentioned also by Susrutas sutr. 36, is according to Wilford a cubic 

 block of " sami ; '' and W. Jones as. res. iv. 307 found "sami " wood " extremely hard, used by the 

 Brahmens to kindle their sacred fire by rubbing two pieces of it together ■ " P. spicigera was ob- 

 served by Law " common in Guzerat" (Graham) ; by flor. ind. pi. 25, Koenig, Roxburgh cor. i. pi. 

 63, Wight, and Drury, in other parts of Hindustan from Delhi to Madras and Coromandel, its timber 

 close-grained, hard, and durable, stronger than teak, and its pods full of a mealy sweetish substance 

 eaten by the natives. 



f Bambusa (Dendrocalamus) Hilda of Eastern Hindustan. The Bengal bamboo, called in 

 Bengalee "tulda bans," in Hindustanee " peka bans" (Drur.), and doubtless included in the "kala- 

 mos" in question : — D. tulda was observed by Roxburgh ii. 193 abounding in Eastern Hindustan, 

 being the common bamboo of Bengal, "much used for house-building," and its tender young shoots 

 "eaten as pickles by the natives." 



