120 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



1450 B. C. = "36th year of Amunhotep III.," at Sarbit-el-Khadim ; the latest date in his reign 

 found on the monuments — (Leps. k. tab. p. 17). 



In this year (= 1413 -|- "36 y. 5 mo.'' of Manetho in Jos. c. A. = "37 " in Afr.- 

 Maneth. table, the Euseb.-Maneth. table giving-)- "38" = 1451)1 en d o:f tne re 'g n 

 of Amunhotep III., and accession of Amunhotep IV., fifth king of the Eighteenth 

 dynasty. His name occurs on contemporaneous monuments : — but not in the series 

 of kings at Abydos, Gurna, Medinet Abu, nor is he mentioned by Manetho. 

 Amunhotep IV. completed the great temple at Soleb in Nubia; but adopted the religion of his 

 mother Tii, and in all the inscriptions composed during his reign " not one Egyptian god is men- 

 tioned except Sun" (Leps. eg. and sin. 19 to 27, and Birch. See below, Sherah). 



1447 B. C. (— 1408 -\- "39 years " of Euseb. ii.), accession of Sparaethus as Assyrian emperor. 

 "Forty" years are however assigned to his reign i. p. 44, and "forty-two" years by Syncellus, who 

 calls him " Spartheus " 



1445 B. C. = "6th year of Amunhotep IV." at Alabastron or Tel-el- Amarna, recording his 

 homage to a solar disk whose rays have hands — (Immortality reaching down to man, or revealed 

 religion). Amunhotep IV. was called Khuenaten in the latter part of his reign, and had two daughters 

 whom he associated with him in the empire in order to succeed him (Birch). 



"In the sixth generation before Deucalion's conquest" (Dionys. i. p. 45, see also Hellan., and 

 Clint, i. p. 16), a colony from the Peloponnesus led by Pelasgus son of Larissa, accompanied by 

 Phthius, and Achaeus, into Kaemonia (Thessaly). After expelling barbarous tribes, the country was 

 divided into three districts which received the names of Pelasgiotis, Phthiotis, and Achaea. 



1439 B. C. = " 12th year of Khuenaten or Amunhotep IV. ; " the latest date in his reign found 

 on the monuments — (Leps. k. tab. p. 17). 



In his reign, the usual tributes came from the people of the East, North, the isles of the Medi- 

 terranean, and Ethiopia, while Asiatic and Negro soldiers filled the ranks of his army (Birch). That 

 he preceded Horus, appears f/om his name on stone blocks employed by Horus in building (C. Mull, 

 fr. Man. p. 586). 



143S B. C. (— 1449 y. 5 mo. — " 12 y. 1 mo." of Manetho in Jos. c. A., Manetho also 

 giving " 5th -|- 12 y. 5 mo. 4-9= 12 y. 3 mo. -f 12 y. 5 mo. -f- o y. 9 mo." = 25 

 y. 5 mo, this added to 141 3 = 1439), AkSghres succeeded by her brother Rathfitis. 

 On the monuments, Rasaakakherperu is the sixth king of the Eighteenth dynasty. He 

 married a queen named Atenmerit, but his name — does not occur in the series of 

 kings at Abydos, Gurm, nor at Medinet-Abu (see Leps. k. pi. 29, Poole hor. eg. 255, and Birch). 



" 1437 B. C. = 29th year of Tsou-ting " (Chinese chron. table), beginning of the Twenty-first 

 cycle. 



In this year (r= 1437 y. 4 mo. — 9 mo., Manetho also giving" 12 y. 31110.-)- 12 y. 5 mo." 

 -(- 1413 i= 1438), Rath6tis succeeded by Ak£gheres. On the monuments, Ai or Aui 

 is the seventh king of the Eighteenth dynasty. He had held office under Amunhotep 

 IV. ; and that he preceded Horus, is shown by his name on stone blocks — employed 

 by Horus in building the fourth pylon at Karnak (Prisse, and Birch). 

 The same year = " 1st of Ai," in a tablet — (Birch). 



1434 B. C. = "4th year of Ai," in a tablet ; the latest date in his reign found on the monuments 

 (Leps. k. tab. p. 17, and Birch). 



Eighty-sixth generation. Sept. 1st, 1434, mostly beyond youth : Pharez and Zarah (Gen. xxxviii. 

 29, Num. xxvi. 20, Ruth iv. 18, and 1 Chron ii. 4) ; Machir " the first born of Manasseh " (Gen. 1. 23, 

 Num. xxvi. 29, xxvii. 1, and Josh. xvii. 3) ; Teman, Amalek, Zerah of Bosrah, and Bela king of Edom 

 (Gen. xxxvi. 11 to 33, and 1 Chron. i. 36 to 44). 



" 1433 B. C. — 1st year of Nan-keng, of the Chang " or Fourth dynasty — (Chinese chron. table). 

 " 1432 B. C. " ( . . . . Parian marble, and Troyon p. 175), iron discovered by the Dactyli of 

 Ida in Phrygia. — Smiths working iron, are figured on Egyptian monuments hardly later than this 

 date (see Rosselini ii. pi. 50). The triangular bow was observed by myself figured on the Ramesseum 

 or great temple built by Ramessu II. at Thebes ; also on the temple at Medinet Abu, under Ramessu 

 III. ; and the "bow of steel," is mentioned in Job xx. 24. and 2 Sam. xxii. 35. The "brzl" of Gen. 

 iv. 22, Josh. viii. 31, Deut. xxvii. 5, Psalm cv. 18, and Isaiah xlviii. 4, is admitted to be iron. Hesiod 

 op. 151 speaks of a traditional period when iron was unknown ; and "sitheros " or iron, is also men- 

 tioned by Homer, and Greek writers generally. The process of manufacturing steel is besides 

 described by Aristotle. 



The tomb of Ai is the most ancient one in the valley of Bab-el-meluk, — his name having been 

 "erased purposely" in all instances (Glid. analect.). This valley now became the royal cemetery 

 of Thebes, devoted solely to subterranean tombs of Egyptian kings; and according to Lepsius eg. 

 and sin. 264 the paintings on the walls " almost exclusively refer to life after death. 



